Journal ArticleDOI
Changes in stand structure due to the cessation of traditional land use in wooded meadows impoverish epiphytic lichen communities
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In this paper, the effect of habitat change due to the abandonment of traditional management on epiphytic lichen species composition, considering factors on three spatial scales: regional, habitat and individual tree.Abstract:
Wooded meadows with a history of traditional land use over thousands of years support a great diversity of various taxa. Today, however, high-species-rich communities in wooded meadows are threatened because of the cessation of traditional management in large areas. We studied lichen communities on 136 deciduous trees (Betula spp., Fraxinus excelsior and Quercus robur) in 12 wooded meadows in three regions of Estonia, and assessed the effect of habitat change due to the abandonment of traditional management on epiphytic lichen species composition, considering factors on three spatial scales: regional, habitat and individual tree. The variation partitioning approach in partial Canonical Correspondence Analysis (pCCA) revealed that most of the variation in species composition is described by the species of host tree and tree bark pH. Other tree level variables, foremost tree diameter, described as much of the compositional variation as geographic location (region) or environmental conditions in wooded meadows. Of the environmental factors studied, woodland canopy cover is the strongest predictor of the change in epiphytic lichen species composition from the community type of semi-open wooded meadows to species-poor communities characteristic of secondary forest. General Linear Model (GLM) analysis of the abundance of the 35 most frequently observed lichen species revealed that more than half of them (21) are influenced by site openness (canopy cover and/or undergrowth density), showing that increasing canopy cover has a negative effect on the abundance of epiphytic lichen species characteristic of traditionally managed semi-open wooded meadows. The results emphasize that the preservation of large old deciduous trees of various species and the maintenance of the semi-open structure of stands are vitally important for the protection of epiphytic lichen communities in wooded meadows.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lichen epiphyte diversity: A species, community and trait-based review
TL;DR: A functional approach provides a counter-point to an assumption that lichen epiphyte communities are unsaturated and non-competitive, a situation which would allow the long-term accumulation of species richness with temporal continuity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Is Active Management the Key to the Conservation of Saproxylic Biodiversity? Pollarding Promotes the Formation of Tree Hollows
Pavel Sebek,Pavel Sebek,Jan Altman,Jan Altman,Michal Platek,Michal Platek,Lukas Cizek,Lukas Cizek +7 more
TL;DR: The results point to the importance of active management measures for maintaining availability, and spatial and temporal continuity of deadwood microhabitats of pollard and non-pollard willows and the effect of pollarding on incremental growth rate by tree ring analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrative management to sustain biodiversity and ecological continuity in Central European temperate oak (Quercus robur, Q. petraea) forests: An overview
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identified management options for forestry and nature conservation that sustain both the ecological value of oak forests and the economic viability of oak silviculture, and identified an urgent need for systematic forest planning approaches that secure the long-term availability of these structural features within areas or sustainability units that are large enough to maintain viable populations of oak woodland specialist species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dispersal ecology of the endangered woodland lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in managed hemiboreal forest landscape
Inga Jüriado,Jaan Liira,Daniela Csencsics,Ivo Widmer,Carole Adolf,Kaupo Kohv,Christoph Scheidegger +6 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that as intensive stand management reduces the genetic diversity of threatened species in woodland habitats, particular attention should be paid to the preservation of remnant populations in old-growth habitats.
References
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CANOCO Reference Manual and CanoDraw for Windows User's Guide: Software for Canonical Community Ordination (version 4.5)
C.J.F. ter Braak,Petr Šmilauer +1 more
TL;DR: Canoco as discussed by the authors is a software package for multivariate data analysis, with an emphasis on dimesional reduction (ordination), regression analysis, and the combination of the two, constrained ordination.
Journal ArticleDOI
Canonical Correspondence Analysis: A New Eigenvector Technique for Multivariate Direct Gradient Analysis
TL;DR: In this article, a new multivariate analysis technique, called canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), was developed to relate community composition to known variation in the environment, where ordination axes are chosen in the light of known environmental variables by imposing the extra restriction that the axes be linear combinations of environmental variables.
Journal ArticleDOI
Partialling out the spatial component of ecological variation
TL;DR: In this paper, a method is proposed to partition the variation of species abundance data into independent components: pure spatial, pure environmental, spatial component of environmental influence, and undetermined.