Journal ArticleDOI
Charge storage and charge transport in conducting polymers: solitons, polarons and bipolarons
TLDR
In this paper, a series of experiments demonstrate that solitons are the important excitations in trans-(CH) x and that the properties of these nonlinear excitations can be directly studied during photoexcitation or after doping.Abstract:
The results of a series of experiments demonstrate that solitons are the important excitations in trans -(CH) x and that the properties of these nonlinear excitations can be directly studied during photoexcitation or after doping. The importance of these concepts in the more general context of conducting polymers is addressed. Although the twofold degenerate ground state of trans -(CH) x is quite special, the relevant concepts have been generalized to confined soliton pairs (bipolarons). Experimental results that demonstrate electron-hole symmetry and weak confinement in polythiophene make this polyheterocycle a nearly ideal example of a model system in which the ground-state degeneracy has been lifted. In the dilute doping regime, in situ absorption spectroscopy data (during electrochemical doping) strongly suggest charge storage via bipolarons with confinement parameter γ ≈ 0.1–0.2. These results on polythiophene demonstrate that a quantitative fundamental understanding is possible even for relatively complex systems.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
Electronically conducting polymers
TL;DR: The exciting new field of conducting polymers has been reviewed from the viewpoint of electrochemistry in this article, where the main topics treated are electropolymerization, the structure, and the charge storage mechanism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Confined soliton pairs (bipolarons) in polythiophene: In-situ magnetic resonance measurements
J. Chen,Alan J. Heeger,Fred Wudl +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, electron spin resonance measurements carried out on thin films of polythiophene in situ during electrochemical doping with ClO4 were used to demonstrate the spinless character of the doping induced charge states at dilute to intermediate doping concentrations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonlinear excitations and nonlinear phenomena in conductive polymers
TL;DR: In this article, the Su-Schrieffer mechanism was used for the photoproduction of mobile, charged, nonlinear excitations in polyacetylene and polythiophene polymers, leading to relatively large resonant third-order nonlinear optical processes (χ(3)) on time scales of order 10−13 s.
Journal ArticleDOI
Picosecond photoconductivity in trans-polyacetylene
TL;DR: In this paper, fast transient photoconductivity measurements of trans -polyacetylene as a function of temperature and photon energy indicate a relatively high quantum efficiency for the photoproduction of mobile, charged, nonlinear excitations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Topological pumping of edge states via adiabatic passage
TL;DR: In this article, a scheme of topological pumping based on adiabatic passage of edge and interface states is proposed, which is more robust to nonadiabatic effects and avoids delocalization of the state over the entire adi-abatic cycle.
References
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Book
Electronic processes in non-crystalline materials
TL;DR: The Fermi Glass and the Anderson Transition as discussed by the authorsermi glass and Anderson transition have been studied in the context of non-crystalline Semiconductors, such as tetrahedrally-bonded semiconductors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Solitons in polyacetylene
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a theoretical study of soliton formation in long-chain polyenes, including the energy of formation, length, mass, and activation energy for motion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soliton excitations in polyacetylene
TL;DR: A theoretical analysis of the excitation spectrum of long-chain polyenes is presented in this paper, where one electronic state is localized at the gap center for each soliton or antisoliton present and the soliton's energy of formation, length, mass, activation energy for motion, and electronic properties are calculated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Solitons with Fermion Number 1/2
Roman Jackiw,C. Rebbi +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the existence of a non-degenerate, isolated, zero-energy, $c$-number solution of the Dirac equation implies that the soliton is a degenerate doublet with Fermi number.
Journal ArticleDOI
Continuum model for solitons in polyacetylene
TL;DR: In this article, a variational solution with the displacement order parameter was analyzed for solons in a one-dimensional charge-density-wave system with half-filled electron bands.