Journal ArticleDOI
Chemically-induced sister-chromatid exchange in vivo in bone marrow of Chinese hamsters. An evaluation of 24 compounds.
S.B. Neal,G.S. Probst +1 more
TLDR
The results show that the in vivo SCE method may be useful for the identification of genotoxins and that the outcome of the test is, for certain chemicals, dependent upon the route of exposure.Abstract:
Chemically-induced sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) was measured in vivo in bone marrow of Chinese hamsters Chemicals were administered either intraperitoneally or orally and increased SCE frequencies were noted with 6 of 6 direct-acting genotoxins and with 9 of 14 activation-dependent genotoxins Metronidazole, O -toluidine, 4-nitro- O -phenylenediamine and 2-nitro- p -phenylenediamine, compounds which have shown either mutagenic or carcinogenic activity, did not induce SCE in vivo 4 non-genotoxins and 4 different control treatments did not induce SCE The results show that the in vivo SCE method may be useful for the identification of genotoxins and that the outcome of the test is, for certain chemicals, dependent upon the route of exposureread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Is metronidazole carcinogenic
TL;DR: The existing population studies are deficient since they have not included sufficient sample size, the follow-up time has not been long enough, and the individual sensitivity to the drug might have been acting as a confounding factor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic toxicity of 2-acetylaminofluorene, 2-aminofluorene and some of their metabolites and model metabolites
Robert H. Heflich,Robin E. Neft +1 more
TL;DR: Molecular analysis of mutations produced in cell-free, bacterial, in vitro mammalian, and intact animal systems have recently been used to extend hypotheses to understand the genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of 2-acetylaminofluorene and 2-aminoflorene.
Journal ArticleDOI
The genetic toxicity of human carcinogens and its implications
TL;DR: Findings show that genetic toxicity is characteristic of the majority of IARC Group 1 human carcinogens and if these chemicals are considered representative of human carcinangers, then two short-term tests may serve as an effective primary screen for chemicals that present a carcinogenic hazard to humans.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
New Giemsa method for the differential staining of sister chromatids
Paul Perry,Sheldon Wolff +1 more
TL;DR: If human lymphocytes1 or Chinese hamster2 cells are treated with the base analogue 5-bromodeoxyuridine in the latter part of the S period, Giemsa stained chromosomes exhibit a pattern of condensed and extended segments along their length, allowing the identification of the two chromatids, and the observation of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) without recourse to autoradiography.
Journal ArticleDOI
New Tables for Multiple Comparisons with a Control
TL;DR: The main purpose of the present paper is to give the exact tables for making two-sided comparisons, and a method is given for adjusting the tabulated values to cover the situation where the variance of the control mean is smaller than thevariance of the treatment means.
Book
Chemical Mutagens: Principles and Methods for Their Detection
TL;DR: This book discusses the development and validation of short-term assays designed to detect the mutagenic effects of environmental chemicals, and the detection of mutagens in human feces as an approach to the discovery of causes of colon cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cytological detection of mutagen-carcinogen exposure by sister chromatid exchange.
Paul Perry,H. J. Evans +1 more
TL;DR: A staining technique that detects sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) has been used to examine the response of chromosomes in cultured Chinese hamster cells to a wide variety of mutagens–carcinogens.