Chitin Deacetylase, a Novel Target for the Design of Agricultural Fungicides
Jesús Martínez-Cruz,Álvaro Polonio,Riccardo Zanni,Diego Romero,Jorge Galvez,Dolores Fernández-Ortuño,Alejandro Pérez-García +6 more
TLDR
In this paper, RNAi silencing of PxCDA resulted in a dramatic reduction in fungal growth that was linked to a rapid elicitation of chitin-triggered immunity.Abstract:
Fungicide resistance is a serious problem for agriculture. This is particularly apparent in the case of powdery mildew fungi. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new agrochemicals. Chitin is a well-known elicitor of plant immunity, and fungal pathogens have evolved strategies to overcome its detection. Among these strategies, chitin deacetylase (CDA) is responsible for modifying immunogenic chitooligomers and hydrolysing the acetamido group in the N-acetylglucosamine units to avoid recognition. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that CDA can be an appropriate target for antifungals using the cucurbit powdery mildew pathogen Podosphaera xanthii. According to our hypothesis, RNAi silencing of PxCDA resulted in a dramatic reduction in fungal growth that was linked to a rapid elicitation of chitin-triggered immunity. Similar results were obtained with treatments with carboxylic acids such as EDTA, a well-known CDA inhibitor. The disease-suppression activity of EDTA was not associated with its chelating activity since other chelating agents did not suppress disease. The binding of EDTA to CDA was confirmed by molecular docking studies. Furthermore, EDTA also suppressed green and grey mould-causing pathogens applied to oranges and strawberries, respectively. Our results conclusively show that CDA is a promising target for control of phytopathogenic fungi and that EDTA could be a starting point for fungicide design.read more
Citations
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Ethylene Promotes Expression of the Appressorium- and Pathogenicity-Related Genes via GPCR- and MAPK-Dependent Manners in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Dandan Ren,Tan Wang,Gang Zhou,Weiheng Ren,Xiaomin Duan,Lin Gao,Jiaxu Chen,Ling Xu,Pinkuan Zhu +8 more
TL;DR: It is reported that ET can cause transcription changes in a large set of genes, which are mainly responsible for appressorium development and virulence expression, and these processes are dependent on the GPCR and MAPK pathways.
Journal ArticleDOI
Three Chitin Deacetylase Family Members of Beauveria bassiana Modulate Asexual Reproduction and Virulence of Fungi by Mediating Chitin Metabolism and Affect Fungal Parasitism and Saprophytic Life
Jia-Hua Liu,Jinggang Dong,Jun-jie Gao,Xinping Li,Shun-Juan Hu,Juan Li,Wen-Xiao Hu,Xian-Yan Zhao,Juan-Juan Wang,Lei Qiu +9 more
TL;DR: In this article , the roles of CDA family in entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana were investigated and the results indicated that CDA modulates asexual development and regulates fungal virulence by altering chitin deacetylation and metabolic capacity.
Journal ArticleDOI
RNAi Technology: A New Path for the Research and Management of Obligate Biotrophic Phytopathogenic Fungi
Laura Ruiz-Jiménez,Alejandra Vielba-Fernández,Alejandro Pérez-García,Dolores Fernández-Ortuño +3 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the impact of RNA interference on the research and management of powdery mildew and rust fungi is addressed, and the results show that RNA interference has a significant impact on the management of these obligate biotrophic fungi.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rational Design of Chitin Deacetylase Inhibitors for Sustainable Agricultural Use Based on Molecular Topology.
Riccardo Zanni,Jesús Martínez-Cruz,Maria Galvez-Llompart,Dolores Fernández-Ortuño,Diego Romero,Ramón García-Domenech,Alejandro Pérez-García,Jorge Galvez +7 more
TL;DR: This work developed an in silico strategy based on QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) and molecular topology (MT) to discover new, specific, and potent CAD inhibitors, capable of stimulating the immune system of plants by triggering a defensive response against fungal species that are highly resistant to fungicides such as powdery mildew.
Journal ArticleDOI
Combined Application of Tacrolimus with Cyproconazole, Hymexazol and Novel {2-(3-R-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenyl}amines as Antifungals: In Vitro Growth Inhibition and In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis to Fungal Chitin Deacetylase
Lyudmyla M. Antypenko,Fatuma Meyer,Zhanar Sadyk,Konstyantyn Shabelnyk,Sergey I. Kovalenko,Karl G. Steffens,Leif-Alexander Garbe +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used an in vitro growth assay to investigate the activity of the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus in combination with the commercial fungicides cyproconazole and hymexazol, as well as with two earlier reported novel {2-(3-R-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)phenylamines, against the fungi Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum higginsianum, Fusarium oxysporum and the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, which are notoriously harmful in agriculture.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The haustorial transcriptome of the cucurbit pathogen Podosphaera xanthii reveals new insights into the biotrophy and pathogenesis of powdery mildew fungi
TL;DR: The aim of this work was to gain insights into powdery mildew biology by analysing the haustorial transcriptome of P. xanthii, and to identify certain previously unknown processes and proteins involved in the biology of Powdery mildews that could be essential for their biotrophy and pathogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Hybrid Genome Assembly Resource for Podosphaera xanthii, the Main Causal Agent of Powdery Mildew Disease in Cucurbits.
Álvaro Polonio,Luis Díaz-Martínez,Dolores Fernández-Ortuño,Antonio de Vicente,Diego Romero,Francisco J. Lopez-Ruiz,Alejandro Pérez-García +6 more
TL;DR: The first reference genome assembly for P. xanthii is presented, using reads from Illumina NextSeq550 and PacBio Sequel S3, and it is shown that the combination of homology-based and ab initio predictions allowed predicting 14,911 complete genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Resistance to the SDHI Fungicides Boscalid and Fluopyram in Podosphaera xanthii Populations from Commercial Cucurbit Fields in Spain.
Alejandra Vielba-Fernández,Álvaro Polonio,Laura Ruiz-Jiménez,Antonio de Vicente,Alejandro Pérez-García,Dolores Fernández-Ortuño +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the EC50 values of 26 isolates were determined in response to the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides boscalid and fluopyram, and the discriminatory doses were deduced and used for SDHI resistance monitoring during the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons.