Tidal pressures and currents were measured with self‐contained capsules dropped to the sea floor for one month at distances of 175, 190, and 500 nautical miles from San Diego. These observations, together with a one‐week bottom pressure record by Filloux at 750 n miles, and three half‐week bottom current records by Isaacs et al, at intermediary distances, were analyzed for tidal components by cross‐correlation with a noise‐free reference time series. (For short records this method has some merit over classical tide analysis.) It was found that the tide decays seaward to e‐1 times the coastal amplitude over a distance of order 1000 km for the semidiurnal species, slower for the diurnal species. Tidal currents turn counterclockwise, and are polarized with maximum flow parrallel to shore in the direction of tidal propagation (320°T) at local high tide. The current amplitude is roughly 2 cm/sec for the semidiurnal component, 1 cm/sec for the diurnal component. Superimposed baroclinic tidal currents l...

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Tides off‐shore: Transition from California coastal to deep‐sea waters‡

Chemokines are the largest mammalian cytokine family so far identified. They have distinct molecular structures and are unique among the cytokines in their chemotactic properties and ability to inhibit bone marrow progenitor-cell growth. A wealth of in vitro and in vivo data show that chemokines act as directional forces in immune and inflammatory responses, working with integrins to target subsets of effector cells to specific tissue sites. The selective action of individual chemokines on leucocyte subsets makes them ideal molecules to sort, as well as direct, leucocyte traffic. In addition to their in vitro and in vivo actions on haemopoietic precursors, chemokines can also modulate angiogenesis and some may activate leucocytes. There is still much to learn about the chemokines and their intracellular pathways, and more ligands and receptors will undoubtedly be discovered. However, chemokines are already known to be central to the co-ordination of leucocyte responses and represent important therapeutic targets in a number of diseases.

The molecular and cellular biology of the chemokines

https://www.jbc.org/content/284/19/12645.full.pdf

LFA-1 affinity regulation is necessary for the activation and proliferation of naive T cells

Elemental abundances of major (Ti, Al, Fe, and Ca), minor (Na, Mn, and Cr), and trace elements [14 rare-earth elements (REE), Y, In, Cd, Rb, Cs, Ba, Co, and Sc] in lunar anorthosites separated from Apollo 11 sample 10085 coarse fines have been determined by means of instrumental and radiochemical neutron activation analysis. The REE distribution pattern of lunar anorthosites, relative to ordinary chondrites, has a positive Eu anomaly. On the assumption that (i) the lunar composition is similar to that of ordinary chondritic meteorites low in total Fe ( approximately 13 percent); (ii) lunar anorthosites are derived from highland cratering events and are representative of the highlands; and (iii) the moon differentiated into olivine, hypersthene, and basaltic and anorthositic phases, and plagioclase crysstallization began after approximately 93 percent solidification, then mass balance calculations yield approximately 30-kilometer and approximately 10-kilometer thicknesses for the lunar highlands for the melting and chemical differentiation of the entire moon and of the upper 200 kilometers, respectively. Corresponding thicknesses of the basaltic basement rocks were approximately 5 kilometers and approximately 2 kilometers, respectively. Alternatively, if the anorthosites of this study are representative of the highlands and the onset of plagioclase crystallization occurred after approximately 50 percent solidification of the initially melted moon, calculations with REE and Ba partition coefficients suggest that the REE and Ba abundances in the primeval moon were similar to those observed in basaltic achondrites.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/170/3961/969.full.pdf

Lunar Anorthosites: Rare-Earth and Other Elemental Abundances

There has long existed a need for pelagic tide and current measurements, but the technology for making such observations has been developed only recently. In 1965, an international working group on deep-sea tides was formed (now sponsored by IAPSO, SCOR, and Unesco) that would concern itself with the exchange of information on instrumentation and analysis and with the formulation of a worldwide data acquisition program.

Some pelagic tide observations have now been obtained by pressure sensors on the sea bottom connected by cable to the surface [Eyri`es, 1968] or to shore [Nowroozi et al., 1968] and by self-contained bottom instruments that record internally and are recalled to the surface by an acoustic signal [Snodgrass, 1968] and time-release device [Filloux, 1968, and Hicks et al., 1965]. The equipment described by Snodgrass and by Nowroozi include current meters measuring speed and direction. The over-all objectives of the deep-sea tide program are described by Munk and Zetler [1967] and Cartwright [1969].

Pelagic tidal measurements: A suggested procedure for analysis

Systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge

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Citations

Tides off‐shore: Transition from California coastal to deep‐sea waters‡

The molecular and cellular biology of the chemokines

LFA-1 affinity regulation is necessary for the activation and proliferation of naive T cells

Lunar Anorthosites: Rare-Earth and Other Elemental Abundances

Pelagic tidal measurements: A suggested procedure for analysis

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Deep-sea tides