Journal ArticleDOI
Concerning the Location and Persistence of Soil Urease
TLDR
In this paper, a model system is presented which suggests both the origin and location of soil ureases and a reason for their persistence in nature, which suggests that some form of enzymeprotective mechanism exists in soil.Abstract:
Urease activity in soil is persistent for long periods under low water, low temperature, and sterile regimes, and it has been suggested that some form of enzyme-protective mechanism exists in soil.Dublin soil was sonicated in water and extracted by adding a mixture of salts. Urease activity is associated with the organomineral complex thus obtained and is resistant to the activities of proteolytic enzymes. Clay-free soil organic matter prepared subsequently by filtration also exhibits urease activity which is resistant to proteolysis. Models consisting of enzymes with bentonite and lignin were found to mimic this resistance to proteolysis. Models consisting of enzymes with bentonite and lignin were found to mimic this resistance to proteolysis.A model system is presented which suggests both the origin and location of soil ureases and a reason for their persistence in nature.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Short-term assay of soil urease activity using colorimetric determination of ammonium
Ellen Kandeler,H. Gerber +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a rapid assay for soil urease in the absence of bacteriostatic agents has been developed, which comprises incubation of soil with an aqueous or buffered urea solution, extraction of ammonium with 1 N KCl and 0.01 NHCl and colorimetric NH4+ determination by a modified indophenol reaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil enzymes in a changing environment: Current knowledge and future directions
Richard G. Burns,Jared L. DeForest,Juergen Marxsen,Robert L. Sinsabaugh,Mary E. Stromberger,Matthew D. Wallenstein,Michael N. Weintraub,Annamaria Zoppini +7 more
TL;DR: The collective vision of the future of extracellular enzyme research is offered: one that will depend on imaginative thinking as well as technological advances, and be built upon synergies between diverse disciplines.
Book ChapterDOI
Role of Phosphatase Enzymes in Soil
TL;DR: Soil phosphatases, particularly acid and alkaline phosphomonoesterases, have been extensively studied as mentioned in this paper, because they mineralise organic phosphorus (P) to inorganic P. The effects of agricultural and forest managements, pollutants and any environmental factor on phosphatase activities of soil cannot be adequately interpreted because the currently available enzyme assays do not discriminate between the contribution of phosphat enzymes associated with active microbial cells and that of extracellular phosphatists stabilised by soil colloids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathways of nitrogen utilization by soil microorganisms - a review.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the current knowledge about the regulation of the enzyme systems involved in the acquisition of N and propose a conceptual model on the factors affecting the relative importance of organic and mineral N uptake.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil enzymology: classical and molecular approaches
Paolo Nannipieri,Laura Giagnoni,Giancarlo Renella,Edoardo Puglisi,Brunello Ceccanti,Grazia Masciandaro,Flavio Fornasier,M.C. Moscatelli,Sara Marinari +8 more
TL;DR: By combining measurements of enzyme activity in soil with expression (transcriptomics and proteomics) of genes, encoding the relative enzymes may contribute to understanding the mode and timing of microbial communities’ responses to substrate availability and persistence and stabilization of enzymes in the soil.