Journal ArticleDOI
Continued evolution of Jakobshavn Isbrae following its rapid speedup
Ian Joughin,Ian M. Howat,Mark Fahnestock,Ben Smith,William B. Krabill,Richard B. Alley,Harry L. Stern,Martin Truffer,Martin Truffer +8 more
TLDR
In the case of Jakobshavn Isbrae, the authors showed that the speedup rate of ∼5% a−1 over much of the fast-moving region appears to be a diffusive response to the initial much larger speedup near the front.Abstract:
[1] Several new data sets reveal that thinning and speedup of Jakobshavn Isbrae continue, following its recent rapid increase in speed as its floating ice tongue disintegrated. The present speedup rate of ∼5% a−1 over much of the fast-moving region appears to be a diffusive response to the initial much larger speedup near the front. There is strong seasonality in speed over much of the fast-flowing main trunk that shows a good inverse correlation with the seasonally varying length of a short (typically ∼6 km) floating ice tongue. This modulation of speed with ice front position supports the hypothesis that the major speedup was caused by loss of the larger floating ice tongue from 1998 to 2003. Analysis of image time series suggests that the transient winter ice tongue is formed when sea ice bonds glacier ice in the fjord to produce a nearly rigid mass that almost entirely suppresses calving. Major calving only resumes in late winter when much of this ice clears from the fjord. The collapse of the ice tongue in the late 1990s followed almost immediately after a sharp decline in winter sea-ice concentration in Disko Bay. This decline may have extended the length of the calving season for several consecutive years, leading to the ice tongue's collapse.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Contribution of Antarctica to past and future sea-level rise
Robert M. DeConto,David Pollard +1 more
TL;DR: A model coupling ice sheet and climate dynamics—including previously underappreciated processes linking atmospheric warming with hydrofracturing of buttressing ice shelves and structural collapse of marine-terminating ice cliffs—is calibrated against Pliocene and Last Interglacial sea-level estimates and applied to future greenhouse gas emission scenarios.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extensive dynamic thinning on the margins of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets
TL;DR: In this paper, a high-resolution ICESat (Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite) laser altimetry is used to map changes along these ocean margins; the results show that dynamic thinning is more important and extensive than previously thought.
Journal ArticleDOI
Greenland flow variability from ice-sheet-wide velocity mapping
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have mapped the flow velocity over much of the Greenland ice sheet for the winters of 2000/01 and 2005/06 using RADARSAT synthetic aperture radar data.
Sea Level Rise and Implications for Low Lying Islands, Coasts and Communities
Michael Oppenheimer,Bruce Glavovic,Jochen Hinkel,Roderik S. W. van de Wal,Alexandre K. Magnan,Amro Abd-Elgawad,Rongshuo Cai,Miguel Cifuentes-Jara,Robert M. DeConto,Tuhin Ghosh,John E. Hay,Federico Ignacio Isla,Ben Marzeion,Benoit Meyssignac,Zita Sebesvari +14 more
TL;DR: In this paper, Abd Elgawad et al. discuss the sea level rise and its implications for low lying islands, coastlines and communities in the Middle East and Asia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale changes in Greenland outlet glacier dynamics triggered at the terminus.
TL;DR: The recent, dramatic retreat of many outlet glaciers of the Greenland ice sheet has raised concerns over Greenland's contribution to future sea-level rise as discussed by the authors, but the recent rates of mass loss in Greenland's outlet glaciers are transient and should not be extrapolated into the future.
References
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Book
The Physics of Glaciers
W.S.B. Paterson,John T. Andrews +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the transformation of snow to ice mass balance heat budget and climatology structure and deformation of ice hydraulics and glaciers glacier sliding deformation, subglacial till structures and fabrics in glaciers and ice sheets distribution of temperature in glaciers, flow of ice shelves and ice streams non-steady flow of glaciers, ice sheets surging and tidewater glaciers ice core studies.
Book ChapterDOI
An overview of the North Atlantic Oscillation
TL;DR: The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is one of the most prominent and recurrent patterns of atmospheric circulation variability as discussed by the authors, and it dictates climate variability from the eastern seaboard of the United States to Siberia and from the Arctic to the subtropical Atlantic, especially during boreal winter.
BookDOI
The North Atlantic Oscillation: climatic significance and environmantal impact
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes in the Velocity Structure of the Greenland Ice Sheet
TL;DR: Using satellite radar interferometry observations of Greenland, widespread glacier acceleration below 66° north between 1996 and 2000, which rapidly expanded to 70° north in 2005, and as more glaciers accelerate farther north, the contribution of Greenland to sea-level rise will continue to increase.