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Cross-Cultural Differences in Eating Disorders
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TLDR
Pike et al. as mentioned in this paper found that culture is a particularly salient factor in the onset and development of eating disorders (EDs), and that EDs were initially considered to be a product of modern, Western culture specifically.Abstract:
Although eating disorders (EDs) were first described in North America and Western Europe, they have been increasingly documented in countries outside of theWest. While culture is known to play a role in the etiology of most psychopathologies, it appears to be a particularly salient factor in the onset and development of EDs (Pike et al. 2013). As EDs first garnered widespread recognition in the West, they were initially considered to be a product of modern, Western culture specifically. As a result, many early studies examiningEDs in a global context focused on the process of “Westernization” – that is, countries and individuals adaptingWestern cultural ideas and norms – as the influential force behind rising ED rates. The Westernization Hypothesisread more
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Culture Change and Eating Patterns: A Study of Georgian Women.
TL;DR: Findings suggested that moving to Western countries increased dietary restriction among Georgian women, and the lack of integration in a host culture, as a common denominator of separation and marginalization strategies of acculturation, may predict elevated eating, shape, and weight concerns among women relocated over six years ago.
References
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Cultural Influences on Body Size Ideals
TL;DR: This paper examined cross-cultural patterns of body size ideals and concluded that the largest differences in body size ideal are not found between Western and non-western cultures, but between sites differing in socioeconomic status.
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The rise of eating disorders in Japan: issues of culture and limitations of the model of "westernization"
Kathleen M. Pike,Amy Borovoy +1 more
TL;DR: Two particular dimensions of culture in contemporary Japan are explored: (1) gender development and gender role expectations for females coming of age and (2) beauty ideals and the role of weight and shape concerns in the etiology of eating disorders.
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Should non-fat-phobic anorexia nervosa be included in DSM-V?
TL;DR: Cross-cultural data suggest that rationales for food refusal vary in anorexia nervosa (AN), and a variant, termed non-fat-phobic AN (NFP-AN), has been described, which has wide geographic distribution and occurs in both Western and non-Western populations alongside cases of typical AN.
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Urbanisation and the incidence of eating disorders
TL;DR: It is concluded that urban life is a potential environmental risk factor for bulimia nervosa but not for anorexia nervosa, and this findings provide a promising avenue for further research into the aetiology of eating disorders.
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Trans-cultural comparison of disordered eating in Korean women
TL;DR: This study supports the importance of native cultural factors in the development of eating disorders in non-Western contexts by comparing disordered eating attitudes and behaviors in Korean women with differing levels of exposure to Western culture.