Journal ArticleDOI
Design method for local scour at bridge piers
TLDR
In this paper, a design method for the estimation of equilibrium depths of local scour at bridge piers is presented, based upon envelope curves drawn to experimental data derived mostly from laboratory experiments.Abstract:
A design method for the estimation of equilibrium depths of local scour at bridge piers is presented. The method is based upon envelope curves drawn to experimental data derived mostly from laboratory experiments. The laboratory data include wide variations in flow velocity and depth, sediment size and gradation, and pier size, shape, and alignment. Local scour depth estimation is based upon the largest possible scour depth that can occur at a cylindrical pier, which is 2.4D, where D=thepierdiameter. According to the method, this depth is reduced using multiplying factors where clear‐water scour conditions exist, the flow depth is relatively shallow, and the sediment size is relatively coarse. In the case of nonrectangular piers, additional multiplying factors to account for pier shape and alignment are applied. The method of estimation of local scour depth is summarized in a flow chart.read more
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Pier and abutment scour: integrated approach
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated approach to the estimation of local scour depth at bridge piers and abutments, collectively termed bridge foundations, is presented, based on empirical relations, termed K-factors, that account for the effects on scour depths of flow depth and foundation size, flow intensity, sediment characteristics, foundation type, shape and alignment, and approach channel geometry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Numerical and experimental investigation of flow and scour around a circular pile
TL;DR: In this article, a three-dimensional model of a vertical circular pile exposed to a steady current is studied numerically and experimentally, which is applicable to cases where the Froude number is small (Fr < 0(0.2)).
Journal ArticleDOI
Local Scour at Bridge Abutments
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the effects of abutment length, flow depth, and shape and alignment on local scour depth at bridge abutments, and showed that the maximum scour depths measured in the laboratory for these cases are 2L and 10 y.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coastal vegetation structures and their functions in tsunami protection: experience of the recent Indian Ocean tsunami
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the effects of coastal vegetation on tsunami damage based on field survey and data analysis carried out after the Indian Ocean tsunami on 26 December 2004 and found that two layers of vegetation in the vertical direction with P. odoratissimus and Casuarina equisetifolia and a horizontal vegetation structure of small and large diameter trees were also important for increasing drag and trapping floating objects, broken branches, houses, and people.
References
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Book
Open channel flow
TL;DR: The importance of basic principles is recognized in this article in two ways : first, by devoting the opening chapters to a fairly leisurely discussion of introductory principles, including a recapitulation of the underlying arguments derived from the parent subject of fluid mechanics; and second, by takingnevery opportunity in the later chapters to refer back to this earlier material in order to clarify particular applications as they arise.
Journal ArticleDOI
Local Scour Around Cylindrical Piers
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of literature on model and field data is presented, and the empirical data are compared with theoretical considerations, together with a set of design suggestions together with possibilities for protection against scour.
Journal ArticleDOI
Note On Initial Movement Of Coarse Uniform Bed-Material
TL;DR: In this paper, the initial movement of coarse uniform bed-material is described, and a detailed discussion of the initial movements of coarse-uniform bed material can be found in Section 2.1.
Journal Article
Scour Around Bridge Piers and Abutments
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple equation for the depth of scour at the pier has been obtained by using the specific energy equation, and the depths calculated using this equation compare well with the experimental data.