Journal ArticleDOI
Design of an artificial skin. Part III. Control of pore structure.
TLDR
A carefully designed freeze drying process, two variants of which are described in detail, yields membranes with the highest mean pore size, as measured by quantitative stereological procedures.Abstract:
Several methods are compared for preparing collagen-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) membranes of high or low porosity. Collagen-GAG membranes have been used to cover satisfactorily large experimental full-thickness skin wounds in guinea pigs over the past few years. Methods studied as means for controlling pore size are confined to purely physical processes which do not require use of additives or chemical reagents to form the porous membrane. We find that membranes, initially swollen in distilled water or saline, shrink linearly to no less than 94% of original dimension after freeze drying; to 75% after critical point drying (from CO2, following water-ethanol exchange); and to 41% of original dimension following air drying from the swollen state. Scanning electron microscopic study of the pore structure resulting from eah drying procedure confirms our major conclusion: A carefully designed freeze drying process, two variants of which are described in detail, yields membranes with the highest mean pore size, as measured by quantitative stereological procedures. Critical point drying gave significantly more shrinkage and a lower mean pore size than either one of the two freeze drying procedures used.read more
Citations
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Biomaterials & scaffolds for tissue engineering
TL;DR: The functional requirements, and types, of materials used in developing state of the art of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications are described and where future research and direction is required are described.
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Biomaterials based on chitin and chitosan in wound dressing applications
TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to take a closer look on the wound dressing applications of biomaterials based on chitin, chitosan and their derivatives in various forms in detail.
Journal ArticleDOI
Making tissue engineering scaffolds work. Review: the application of solid freeform fabrication technology to the production of tissue engineering scaffolds.
TL;DR: Solid freeform fabrication (SFF) uses layer-manufacturing strategies to create physical objects directly from computer-generated models to enable the cells to behave in the required manner to produce tissues and organs of the desired shape and size.
Journal ArticleDOI
Collagen – biomaterial for drug delivery
TL;DR: Information available on collagen dosage forms for drug delivery as well as to impart an overview of the chemical structures and the galenical properties including detailed description of the processing steps - extraction, purification, chemical crosslinking and sterilization are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Collagen/chitosan porous scaffolds with improved biostability for skin tissue engineering.
TL;DR: Results suggest that collagen/chitosan scaffold cross-linked by GA is a potential candidate for dermal equivalent with enhanced biostability and good biocompatibility.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Design of an artificial skin. I. Basic design principles.
Ioannis V. Yannas,John F. Burke +1 more
TL;DR: The physiocochemical, biochemical, and mechanical considerations that form the basis for two-stage design of a membrane useful as an experimental wound closure of patients who suffer extensive loss of skin are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Design of an artificial skin. II. Control of chemical composition.
TL;DR: Collagen--GAG membranes appear to be useful as chemically well-characterized, solid macromolecular probes of biomaterial--tissue interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preparation of animal tissues for surface-scanning electron microscopy.
Alan Boyde,C. Wood +1 more
TL;DR: This paper surveys common problems associated with the preparation of animal tissues so that natural or artificial surfaces may be studied in the scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Journal ArticleDOI
Some chemical and biological characteristics of a new collagen–polymer compound material
TL;DR: It has been shown that combined polymer collagen sponge with high porosity is quickly penetrated by connective tissue which maintains the character of highly vascularized loose connectedive tissue.