Showing papers in "Materials Today in 2011"

TL;DR: The functional requirements, and types, of materials used in developing state of the art of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications are described and where future research and direction is required are described.

TL;DR: Graphene is a zero-gap semiconductor material, which is electroactive and transparent as discussed by the authors, and it has been used as a transducer in bio-field-effect transistors, electrochemical biosensors, impedance biosensor, electrochemiluminescence, and fluorescence biosensor as well as biomolecular labels.

TL;DR: Recent research on carbon nanotubes and graphene is highlighted, and the opportunities and challenges in this rapidly growing field of closely related carbon nanomaterials for applications in drug delivery and cancer therapy are discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the past and present successes of PbTe as a thermoelectric material and identify the issues for achieving maximum performance and successful band structure engineering strategies for further improvements.

TL;DR: Palladium has the potential to play a major role in virtually every aspect of the envisioned hydrogen economy, including hydrogen purification, storage, detection, and fuel cells as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The efficiency of solar cells made from a conjugated polymer blended with a fullerene derivative has risen from around 1 % to over 9 % in the last ten years, making organic photovoltaic technology a viable contender for commercialization as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The basics of MR imaging, the origin of SPIOR's unique magnetic properties, recent developments in MRI acquisition methods for detection of SPIONs, synthesis and post-synthesis processes that improve SPION's imaging characteristics, and an outlook on the translational potential of SPions are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the current status of research in nanocrystal memory and its materials, fabrication, structures, and treatment methods are reviewed and an in-depth perspective of state-of-the-art nanocrystals memory is provided.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight some recent progress in probing and mapping surface species and incipient phases relevant to electrode reactions using in situ Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron based x-ray analysis, and multi-scale modeling of charge and mass transport.

TL;DR: The current understanding of spider silk and its assembly process is reviewed, as well as the application of silk-based materials to the fields of biomedicine and materials engineering is discussed.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the cardiovascular system and discusses the techniques used both in vivo and ex vivo to determine the age-related changes in the mechanical properties of arteries.

TL;DR: The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a versatile model organism that has been used in biomedical research for over a century to study a broad range of phenomena and has made key advances in understanding of regenerative biology.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a structural hierarchy of biomolecular structures, spanning many length scales, arising from the assembly of different sized building blocks during growth, which can increase resistance to fracture, join materials of different character, make them deform more easily and provide motility.

TL;DR: An overview of the most important advances in the application of neutron imaging in materials research with a focus on novel techniques such as energy-selective imaging, interferometric imaging with phase gratings, and polarized-neutron imaging can be found in this article.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss recent progress in the field of quantum dot devices, including the development of electrically operated emitters of single polarized or entangled photons on demand: an essential component for quantum communication systems.

TL;DR: In this article, the key physical properties that make this phase so special, the quantitative framework of cell performance, and the future perspectives of phase-change memory devices at the deep nanoscale.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the work performed and the trends in the development of environmental sensors on plastic and flexible foils is presented, focusing on the integration of temperature, humidity, and gas sensors targeting low power operation for wireless applications.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors report on the advances of light emitting materials, the core of OLEDs, and their future perspectives and highlight the importance of the interplay between chemistry and photophysics en route to true blue phosphors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a birds-eye view of the most promising classes of active layers as well as different device architectures and methods of fabrication, and strategies for interfacing bio components with organic or carbon nano-structured electronic active layers.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the work on hydrogen storage in various types of nanotubes and nanostructures is presented, where the authors summarize some of the highlights of the recent work and propose guidelines to enhance the hydrogen storage capacity of synthesized materials and recommend advanced materials for this application.

TL;DR: An overview of III-Nitride based laser diodes is presented in this article focusing on the materials challenges in each phase of device development and early breakthroughs leading to the first commercial GaN LDs, covering crystal growth, p-type doping and defect reduction.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of recent research on molybdenum oxide nanowires is presented, from synthesis and device assembly to fundamental properties, and future developments are discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) can be blow molded like plastics and the key to the enhanced processability of BMG formers is their amenability to thermoplastic forming.

TL;DR: An introduction to polymer carbon nanotube composites can be found in this paper, where the authors describe the preparation and processing of polyolefin carbon-nanotubes by in-situ polymerization.

TL;DR: In this article, the use of CNT based electrically conductive polymer composites (CPCs) for leakage detection for organic solvents has been investigated, where they demonstrate low specific gravity in combination with relatively good mechanical properties and processability.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the latest developments in this area with a focus on the most promising opto-electronic device concept, i.e., bistable rectifying diodes.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a brief description of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots and their associated optical properties, highlighting the concept that QD size is now a parameter used to tune photophysical properties.

TL;DR: This review describes foldable and conformable integrated circuits based on organic thin-film transistors (TFTs) with very high mechanical stability, that continue to operate without failure, without detectable degradation during folding of the plastic substrate.

TL;DR: A tissue-engineered blood vessel is developed that has shown great promise as an arteriovenous shunt and the journey from bench-top to bedside is reviewed and future applications of the TESA approach are discussed.