Journal ArticleDOI
Developmental changes in executive functioning.
TLDR
There was substantial task-based variation in developmental patterns on the various tasks, and confirmatory factor analyses and tests for longitudinal factorial invariance showed that data from the 5- to 13-year-olds conformed to a two-factor structure, and for the 15- year-olds, a well-separated three-Factor structure was found.Abstract:
Although early studies of executive functioning in children supported Miyake et al.'s (2000) three-factor model, more recent findings supported a variety of undifferentiated or two-factor structures. Using a cohort-sequential design, this study examined whether there were age-related differences in the structure of executive functioning among 6- to 15-year-olds (N = 688). Children were tested annually on tasks designed to measure updating and working memory, inhibition, and switch efficiency. There was substantial task-based variation in developmental patterns on the various tasks. Confirmatory factor analyses and tests for longitudinal factorial invariance showed that data from the 5- to 13-year-olds conformed to a two-factor structure. For the 15-year-olds, a well-separated three-factor structure was found.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Unity and diversity of executive functions: Individual differences as a window on cognitive structure.
Naomi P. Friedman,Akira Miyake +1 more
TL;DR: It is highlighted how considering individual differences at the behavioral and neural levels can add considerable insight to the investigation of the functional organization of the brain, and some key points about individual differences to consider when interpreting neuropsychological patterns of dissociation are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intergenerational transmission of self-regulation: A multidisciplinary review and integrative conceptual framework.
TL;DR: A framework that brings together prenatal, social/contextual, and neurobiological mechanisms to explain the intergenerational transmission of self-regulation is introduced, a framework that incorporates potential transactional processes between generations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Executive Functioning and Mathematics Achievement
Rebecca Bull,Kerry Lee +1 more
TL;DR: The importance of executive functioning (EF) skills in mathematical achievement is well established, and researchers have moved from just measuring working memory or updating to an inclusion of other EF skills, namely, inhibition and shifting.
Journal ArticleDOI
The unity and diversity of executive functions: A systematic review and re-analysis of latent variable studies.
Justin E. Karr,Corson N. Areshenkoff,Philippe Rast,Scott M. Hofer,Grant L. Iverson,Mauricio A. Garcia-Barrera +5 more
TL;DR: Results show some evidence for greater unidimensionality of executive function among child/adolescent samples and both unity and diversity among adult samples, but low rates of model acceptance/selection suggest possible bias toward the publication of well-fitting but potentially nonreplicable models with underpowered samples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Executive function and metacognition: Towards a unifying framework of cognitive self-regulation
TL;DR: In this paper, the similarities between executive function and metacognition are discussed from a developmental perspective, including the definitions, developmental timetables, factors that lead to changes over time, and relations to academic achievement and intelligence.
References
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Book
Structural Equation Modeling With Mplus: Basic Concepts, Applications, And Programming
TL;DR: Structural Equation Models: The Basics using the EQS Program and testing for Construct Validity: The Multitrait-Multimethod Model and Change Over Time: The Latent Growth Curve Model.
Journal ArticleDOI
The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "Frontal Lobe" tasks: a latent variable analysis.
Akira Miyake,Naomi P. Friedman,Michael J. Emerson,Alexander H. Witzki,Amy Howerter,Tor D. Wager +5 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that it is important to recognize both the unity and diversity ofExecutive functions and that latent variable analysis is a useful approach to studying the organization and roles of executive functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indexes for Testing Measurement Invariance
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the change in the goodness-of-fit index (GFI) when cross-group constraints are imposed on a measurement model and found that the change was independent of both model complexity and sample size.
Book
Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a detailed, worked-through example drawn from psychology, management, and sociology studies illustrate the procedures, pitfalls, and extensions of CFA methodology.