Discovering Earth’s radiation belts
Daniel N. Baker,Mikhail Panasyuk +1 more
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TLDR
In this article, the belts were still finding mysterious features six decades after the belts' discovery in 1958, and scientists are still finding the mysterious features of the belts. But they are not revealing any secrets.Abstract:
Six decades after the belts’ discovery in 1958, scientists are still finding mysterious features.read more
Citations
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Earth's Van Allen Radiation Belts: From Discovery to the Van Allen Probes Era
Journal ArticleDOI
Van Allen Probes Observations of Multi-MeV Electron Drift-Periodic Flux Oscillations in Earth's Outer Radiation Belt During the March 2017 Event
Hong Zhao,Theodore E. Sarris,Theodore E. Sarris,Xinlin Li,Max Weiner,Isabela G. Huckabee,Daniel N. Baker,Allison Jaynes,Shrikanth Kanekal,Scot R. Elkington,Mohammad Barani,Mohammad Barani,Weichao Tu,Wenlong Liu,Dianjun Zhang,M. Hartinger +15 more
Book
Radiation in Space: Relevance and Risk for Human Missions
TL;DR: Radiation exposure of astronauts during long-term space missions exceeds dose limits for terrestrial occupational radiation exposure by far, and exposure to cosmic radiation augments with increasing height, resulting in an additional average annual radiation dose to aircrew in Germany.
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Space weather on the Moon
TL;DR: For example, Apollo missions placed astronauts outside Earth's protective magnetosphere for days at a time, and future future missions risk exposing them to solar and cosmic radiation for months as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterizing spatially varying optical emissions in a steady-state dipole plasma: inversion based experiments and modeling
TL;DR: In this paper, the spatially varying optical emissions in a compact dipole plasma device driven at steady-state by continuous mode microwaves were investigated in two experimental systems of cylindrical and spherical geometries.
References
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An impenetrable barrier to ultrarelativistic electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts
Daniel N. Baker,Allison Jaynes,V. Hoxie,Richard M. Thorne,John C. Foster,Xinlin Li,J. F. Fennell,John Wygant,Shrikanth Kanekal,Philip J. Erickson,William S. Kurth,Wen Li,Qianli Ma,Quintin Schiller,Lauren Blum,David M. Malaspina,Andrew J. Gerrard,Louis J. Lanzerotti +17 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that exceptionally slow natural inward radial diffusion combined with weak, but persistent, wave–particle pitch angle scattering deep inside the Earth’s plasmasphere can combine to create an almost impenetrable barrier through which the most energetic Van Allen belt electrons cannot migrate.
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The geomagnetically trapped corpuscular radiation
TL;DR: In this paper, it was found that an immense region around the earth is occupied by a very high intensity of charged particles (protons and electrons), temporarily trapped in the geomagnetic field, and detailed study of this radiation has been a major endeavor of the past year and a half by a group at the State University of Iowa in the United States, and by IGY workers in the Soviet Union.
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Trapped albedo theory of the radiation belt
TL;DR: A theory for the radiation belt of the earth which gives the energy spectnnm, angular distribution, and intensity of the radiation with distance from the earth is described in this article.
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The Argus experiment
TL;DR: A geophysical experiment on global scale was conducted last fall as mentioned in this paper, where three small A-bombs were detonated beyond the atmosphere at a location in the south Atlantic, and the purpose of the experiment was to study the trapping of the relativistic electrons (produced by the βdecay fission fragments) in the geomagnetic field.
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Observations of the impenetrable barrier, the plasmapause, and the VLF bubble during the 17 March 2015 storm
John C. Foster,Philip J. Erickson,Daniel N. Baker,Allison Jaynes,Evgeny Mishin,J. F. Fennel,Xinlin Li,Michael G. Henderson,Shrikanth Kanekal +8 more
TL;DR: The outer limit of the VLF bubble closely matches the position of an apparent barrier to the inward extent of multi-MeV radiation belt electrons near 2.8 Earth radii as discussed by the authors.