Drug susceptibility in Leishmania isolates following miltefosine treatment in cases of visceral leishmaniasis and post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis.
Vasundhra Bhandari,Arpita Kulshrestha,Deepak Kumar Deep,Olivia Stark,Vijay Kumar Prajapati,V. Ramesh,Shyam Sundar,Gabriele Schönian,Jean-Claude Dujardin,Poonam Salotra +9 more
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TLDR
The in vitro susceptibility of VL isolates remained unchanged at the end of MIL treatment; however, isolates from relapsed VL and PKDL cases had lower susceptibility than the pre-treatment isolates.Abstract:
Background
With widespread resistance to antimonials in Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in the Indian subcontinent, Miltefosine (MIL) has been introduced as the first line therapy. Surveillance of MIL susceptibility in natural populations of Leishmania donovani is vital to preserve it and support the VL elimination program.read more
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Increasing Failure of Miltefosine in the Treatment of Kala-azar in Nepal and the Potential Role of Parasite Drug Resistance, Reinfection, or Noncompliance
Suman Rijal,Bart Ostyn,Surendra Uranw,Surendra Uranw,Keshav Rai,Narayan Raj Bhattarai,Thomas P. C. Dorlo,Thomas P. C. Dorlo,Jos H. Beijnen,Manu Vanaerschot,Saskia Decuypere,S. S. Dhakal,Murari Lal Das,Prahlad Karki,Rupa Singh,Marleen Boelaert,Jean-Claude Dujardin,Jean-Claude Dujardin +17 more
TL;DR: Relapse in one-fifth of the MIL-treated patients observed in this study is an alarming signal for the VL elimination campaign, urging for further review and cohort monitoring.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diagnosis and Treatment of Leishmaniasis: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH)
Naomi E. Aronson,Barbara L. Herwaldt,Michael Libman,Richard D. Pearson,Rogelio López-Vélez,Peter J. Weina,Edgar M. Carvalho,Moshe Ephros,Selma M. B. Jeronimo,Alan J. Magill +9 more
TL;DR: It is important to realize that leishmaniasis guidelines cannot always account for individual variation among patients, and that adherence to these guidelines to be voluntary.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diagnosis and Treatment of Leishmaniasis: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH)*
Naomi E. Aronson,Barbara L. Herwaldt,Michael Libman,Richard D. Pearson,Rogelio López-Vélez,Peter J. Weina,Edgar M. Carvalho,Moshe Ephros,Selma M. B. Jeronimo,Alan J. Magill +9 more
TL;DR: This research presents a novel and scalable approach called “informed consent” that allows for real-time decision-making in the management of infectious disease outbreaks in the rapidly changing environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vaccines to prevent leishmaniasis
TL;DR: The understanding of host immunity following Leishmania infection is reviewed and recent advances in the development of vaccines to prevent leishmaniasis are discussed, highlighting a new promising approach that targets the parasite hemoglobin receptor.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Visceral leishmaniasis : current status of control, diagnosis, and treatment, and a proposed research and development agenda
Philippe J Guerin,Philippe J Guerin,Piero Olliaro,Piero Olliaro,Shyam Sundar,Marleen Boelaert,Simon L. Croft,Philippe Desjeux,Monique Wasunna,Anthony Bryceson +9 more
TL;DR: The current situation and perspectives for diagnosis, treatment, and control of visceral leishmaniasis are reviewed, and some priorities for research and development are listed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oral Miltefosine for Indian Visceral Leishmaniasis
Shyam Sundar,T. K. Jha,Thakur Cp,Juergen Engel,Herbert Sindermann,Christina Fischer,Klaus Junge,Anthony Bryceson,Jonathan Berman +8 more
TL;DR: Oral miltefosine is an effective and safe treatment for Indian visceral leishmaniasis and may also be helpful in regions where parasites are resistant to current agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Injectable paromomycin for Visceral leishmaniasis in India.
TL;DR: A randomized, controlled, phase 3 open-label study comparing paromomycin, an aminoglycoside, with amphotericin B, the present standard of care for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in Bihar, India, showed parmomycin was shown to be noninferior to amphoteric in B.
Journal ArticleDOI
Whole genome sequencing of multiple Leishmania donovani clinical isolates provides insights into population structure and mechanisms of drug resistance
Tim Downing,Hideo Imamura,Saskia Decuypere,Taane G. Clark,Graham H. Coombs,James Cotton,James D. Hilley,Simonne De Doncker,Ilse Maes,Jeremy C. Mottram,Michael A. Quail,Suman Rijal,Mandy Sanders,Gabriele Schönian,Olivia Stark,Shyam Sundar,Manu Vanaerschot,Christiane Hertz-Fowler,Jean-Claude Dujardin,Matthew Berriman +19 more
TL;DR: It is shown that whole-genome sequence data reveals genetic structure within these lines not shown by multilocus typing, and suggests that drug resistance has emerged multiple times in this closely related set of lines, providing additional power to track the drug resistance and epidemiology of an important human pathogen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitation of amastigotes of Leishmania donovani in smears of splenic aspirates from patients with visceral leishmaniasis.
TL;DR: During a 20-month period, more than 500 splenic aspirations were performed in 89 patients with suspected or proven visceral leishmaniasis, and the grading system was useful in measuring the speed of response to treatment, and in distinguishing slow responders from nonresponders.