Journal ArticleDOI
Effectiveness of a Mental Health Court in Reducing Criminal Recidivism and Violence
Dale E. McNiel,Renée L. Binder +1 more
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TLDR
It is shown that participation in the mental health court program was associated with longer time without any new criminal charges or new charges for violent crimes and maintenance of reductions in recidivism and violence after graduates were no longer under supervision of themental health court.Abstract:
Objective: In response to the large-scale involvement of people with mental disorders in the criminal justice system, many communities have created specialized mental health courts in recent years. However, little research has been done to evaluate the criminal justice outcomes of such courts. This study evaluated whether a mental health court can reduce the risk of recidivism and violence by people with mental disorders who have been arrested. Method: A retrospective observational design was used to compare the occurrence of new criminal charges for 170 people who entered a mental health court after arrest and 8,067 other adults with mental disorders who were booked into an urban county jail after arrest during the same interval. A matching strategy based on propensity scores was used to adjust analyses for nonrandom selection into mental health court. Results: Propensity-weighted Cox regression analysis, controlling for other potential confounding variables (demographic characteristics, clinical variables, and criminal history), showed that participation in the mental health court program was associated with longer time without any new criminal charges or new charges for violent crimes. Successful completion of the mental health court program was associated with maintenance of reductions in recidivism and violence after graduates were no longer under supervision of the mental health court. Conclusions: The results indicate that a mental health court can reduce recidivism and violence by people with mental disorders who are involved in the criminal justice system.read more
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Dissertation
Diversion: A comparative study of law and policy relating to defendants and offenders with mental health problems and intellectual disability
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a broad overview of the legal and regulatory history of institutionalisation in the UK and Ireland, focusing on the role of diversions in the rise and decline and rise of institutionisation.
Dissertation
Does participation in mental health court reduce recidivism
TL;DR: This comparison study examined the characteristics of individuals involved within the Mental Health Diversion & Court Support (MHD&CS) program at the Canadian Mental Health Association, Kenora Branch in 2005 and compared them with individuals who were involved in the program in 2010, indicating those individuals with symptoms of depression who were part of the MHC were more likely to be readmitted to hospital.
Book ChapterDOI
The Dual Continua Model: The Foundation of the Sociology of Mental Health and Mental Illness
Journal ArticleDOI
Individual factors associated with recidivism among mental health court program clients
TL;DR: The results of this study suggest programs tailored to young adults and repeat offenders may be areas that MHCs could potentially focus on to increase their effectiveness.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects
TL;DR: The authors discusses the central role of propensity scores and balancing scores in the analysis of observational studies and shows that adjustment for the scalar propensity score is sufficient to remove bias due to all observed covariates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nonparametric Estimation of Average Treatment Effects under Exogeneity: A Review
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the state of the art in estimating average treatment effects under various sets of assumptions, including exogeneity, unconfoundedness, or selection on observables.
Journal ArticleDOI
Propensity score estimation with boosted regression for evaluating causal effects in observational studies.
TL;DR: Propensity score weights estimated using boosting eliminate most pretreatment group differences and substantially alter the apparent relative effects of adolescent substance abuse treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimation of Causal Effects using Propensity Score Weighting: An Application to Data on Right Heart Catheterization
Keisuke Hirano,Guido W. Imbens +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider methods for estimating causal effects of treatments when treatment assignment is unconfounded with outcomes conditional on a possibly large set of covariates, and apply these methods to data on the effects of right heart catheterization (RHC) studied in Connors et al.
Book
Rethinking Risk Assessment: The MacArthur Study of Mental Disorder and Violence
John Monahan,Henry J. Steadman,Eric Silver,Paul S. Appelbaum,Pamela Clark Robbins,Edward P. Mulvey,Loren H. Roth,Thomas Grisso,Steven M. Banks +8 more
TL;DR: Rethinking Risk Assessment as discussed by the authors is a pioneering investigation that challenges preconceptions about the frequency and nature of violence among persons with mental disorders, and suggests an innovative approach to predicting its occurrence.