Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Discourse Type on Recall
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This article found that the more organized discourse types of comparison, problem/solution, and causation were predicted to yield superior recall of information than when this same information was cast as a collection of descriptions about a topic.Abstract:
Discourse can be organized in different ways; four of these ways are comparison, problem/solution, causation, and a collection of descriptions. These four discourse types correspond to schemata that vary in their organizational components; these differences were expected to result in differences in processing text. The more organized discourse types of comparison, problem/solution, and causation were predicted to yield superior recall of information than when this same information was cast as a collection of descriptions about a topic. The data from two studies support the hypothesized facilitation of the more organized types of discourse and have implications for understanding memory and writing instructional materials.read more
Citations
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Reading for Understanding: Toward an R&D Program in Reading Comprehension
TL;DR: It is argued that the primary challenge of improving reading performance in the early grades is now to incorporate research based knowledge systematically into teacher preparation and practice.
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Schema Theory and ESL Reading Pedagogy.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the importance of background knowledge in a psycholinguistic model of EFL/ESL reading and demonstrate the relevance of schema-theoretic views of reading to teaching reading to English learners.
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Schooling and the Acquisition of Knowledge
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Facilitating ESL Reading by Teaching Text Structure
TL;DR: This article found that training on the top-level rhetorical organization of expository texts significantly increased the amount of information that 25 intermediate-level ESL students could recall from a controlled training study.
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The effects of prior knowledge and text structure on comprehension processes during reading of scientific texts.
TL;DR: The results showed that readers’ memory for the text was affected by differences in their prior knowledge, independently of text structure, which contribute to the understanding of the relation between different factors that are associated with comprehension of scientific texts.
References
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Nonparametric Statistical Methods
Myles Hollander,Douglas A. Wolfe +1 more
TL;DR: An ideal text for an upper-level undergraduate or first-year graduate course, Nonparametric Statistical Methods, Second Edition is also an invaluable source for professionals who want to keep abreast of the latest developments within this dynamic branch of modern statistics.
Book
The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory
TL;DR: The Psychology of Learning and Motivation (PLM) series as mentioned in this paper is a collection of contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving.
Journal ArticleDOI
Remembrance of things parsed: Story structure and recall☆
Jean M. Mandler,Nancy S. Johnson +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of the underlying structure of simple stories is presented and it is claimed that this type of representation of stories is used to form schemata which guide encoding and retrieval.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive structures in comprehension and memory of narrative discourse
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of structure and content variables on memory and comprehension of prose passages were studied in two experiments, and a comprehension model was proposed that assumes a hierarchical organizational framework of stories in memory, determined by the grammar, representing the abstract structural components of the plot.