Effects of Flavor-dependent $q\bar{q}$ Annihilation on the Mixing Angle of the Isoscalar Octet-Singlet and Schwinger's Nonet Mass Formula

TLDR: In this article, the flavor-dependent quark-antiquark annihilation amplitude was incorporated into the mass-squared matrix describing the mixing of the isoscalar states of a meson nonet.

Abstract: By incorporating the flavor-dependent quark-antiquark annihilation amplitude into the mass-squared matrix describing the mixing of the isoscalar states of a meson nonet, the new version of Schwinger's nonet mass formula which holds with a high accuracy for the $0^{-+}$, $1^{--}$, $2^{++}$, $2^{-+}$ and $3^{--}$ nonets is derived and the mixing angle of isoscalar octet-singlet for these nonets is obtained. In particular, the mixing angle of isoscalar octet-singlet for pseudoscalar nonet is determined to take the value of $-12.92^\circ$, which is in agreement with the value of $-13^\circ\sim-17^\circ$ deduced from a rather exhaustive and up-to-date analysis of data. It is also pointed out that the omission of the flavor-dependent $q\bar{q}$ annihilation effect might be a factor resulting in the invalidity of Schwinger's original nonet mass formula for pseudoscalar nonet.