Journal ArticleDOI
Electrical effects during the mass spectrometric sampling of ions from hot flame gases at atmospheric pressure
S.D.T. Axford,Allan N. Hayhurst +1 more
TLDR
In this article, a full consideration of sheath formation at a sampling probe in a flowing plasma is given, and the role of the sheath in determining the magnitude of the losses of any species, under a wide range of experimental conditions, is considered.About:
This article is published in International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes.The article was published on 1991-11-15. It has received 26 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Body orifice & Vacuum chamber.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fundamental aspects of ion extraction in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Hongsen Niu,Robert S. Houk +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the ion extraction process in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is reviewed critically, including ion production in the ICP, origins of polyatomic ions, causes of and remedies for the secondary discharge, properties of the supersonic jet and of the beam leaving the skimmer, space charge effects, and matrix interferences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduction of Space Charge Effects Using a Three-Aperture Gas Dynamic Vacuum Interface for Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry
TL;DR: In this article, a three-aperture gas dynamic vacuum interface for ICP-MS has been developed, which reduces the ion current within the ion optics and shows a dramatic improvement in both the magnitude and analyte-ion mass dependence of signal suppression induced by a high concentration of a heavy concomitant element (TI).
Journal ArticleDOI
Langmuir probe measurements of the ion extraction process in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. I: Spatially resolved determination of electron density and electron temperature
Hongsen Niu,Robert S. Houk +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a single Langmuir probe is inserted through the skimmer into the supersonic jet extracted from an inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and electron temperature (Te) and electron density (ne) are measured with axial spatial resolution from 2 mm behind the sampler to 40 mm behind a skimmer.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new flame-ion mass spectrometer: chemi-ionizatino of lanthanum observed in hydrogen—oxygen—argon flames
TL;DR: In this paper, a flame-ion mass spectrometer was designed and constructed primarily for kinetic studies employing relatively large, pseudo-one-dimensional (flat) flames in the range 1700-2500 K at atmospheric pressure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current–voltage characteristics in a flame plasma: analysis for positive and negative ions, with applications
TL;DR: In this paper, a flat cylindrical, laminar, H 2 -O 2 -N 2 flame in plug flow with velocity v f = 19.8 m s −1 and cross-sectional area A = 1.05 × 10 −4 m 2, at 1 atm and 2400 K, was measured.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Detailed ion chemistry in methaneoxygen flames. II. Negative ions
TL;DR: In this article, a complete family of concentration profiles for natural, positive flame ions has been measured mass spectrometrically below 55 amu (atomic mass units), sampled along the axis through the flame front.
Journal ArticleDOI
A general theory for the flow of weakly ionized gases
TL;DR: In this article, a general theory is developed for the flow of a weakly ionized gas about an arbitrary solid body with absorbing surfaces, where the main interest lies in the prediction of the electrical responses of the body as a function of pertinent properties of the flow.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ion current from a collision-dominated flowing plasma to a cylindrical electrode surrounded by a thin sheath.
R. M. Clements,P. R. Smy +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a convection-dependent thin-sheath theory was proposed to predict the experimental currents to within ±30% over ranges of 0.1-5 mm in probe radius, 5×102−4×103 cm/sec in probe/plasma velocity, 5 ×1016−2×1018/m3 ionization density, and 10−100 V in probe bias.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mass spectrometric sampling of ions from atmospheric pressure flames—III: Boundary layer and other cooling of the sample
Allan N. Hayhurst,D.B. Kittelson +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that when a flame is sampled supersonically, cooling of the sample can occur in two regions: the boundary layer on the high pressure side of the sampling orifice and also in the subsequent supersonic and nearadiabatic expansion into the vacuum chamber.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mass spectrometric sampling of ions from atmospheric pressure flames-II: Aerodynamic disturbance of a flame by the sampling system
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the aerodynamic effects of the act of sampling a flame on its aerodynamic properties, and found that at the beginning of the disturbed region there is a deceleration of the flame gases due to the presence here of a flat plate supporting the sampling nozzle.
Related Papers (5)
Mass spectrometric sampling of ions from atmospheric pressure flames—III: Boundary layer and other cooling of the sample
Allan N. Hayhurst,D.B. Kittelson +1 more
Kinetics of collisional ionization of alkali metal atoms and recombination of electrons with alkali metal ions in flames
A.F. Ashton,Allan N. Hayhurst +1 more