Journal ArticleDOI
Embedded DPCM for Variable Bit Rate Transmission
TLDR
In this paper, an adaptive DPCM (ADPCM) encoder and decoder is proposed for variable rate transmission with variable bit rates up to any desired maximum. But the decoded analog signal is substantially noisier than the output of an ADPCM encoder with D = E - C bits/sample.Abstract:
Within the bit stream of an embedded digital code is a stream that can be decoded to produce a reasonable replica of the analog source signal. Unlike pulse code modulation (PCM), differential PCM (DPCM), is not an embedded code. If C bits/sample are delected from the bit stream of a DPCM encoder with E bits/sample, the decoded analog signal is substantially noisier than the output of a DPCM codec with D = E - C bits/sample. The penalty is 4-10 dB in signal-to-noise ratio (snr). However, with minor modifications to the encoder and decoder, DPCM becomes an embedded code. Embedded DPCM with E bits/ sample at the encoder and D bits/sample transmitted produces exactly the same output as embedded DPCM with D bits/sample encoding and perfect transmission. The snr of embedded DPCM is slightly lower than the Snr of DPCM. The penalty is 0.5-0.8 dB if the minimum transmitted bit rate is 2 bits/sample. It is less than 0.3 dB if D is at least 3 bits/sample. Combined with an appropriate adaptive quantizer the embedded DPCM codec produces embedded ADPCM (adaptive DPCM) for variable rate transmission ranging from 2 bits/sample up to any desired maximum. Applications exist in speech interpolation, packet switching, and hardware architecture.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Signal compression based on models of human perception
TL;DR: It is proposed that fundamental limits in the science can be expressed by the semiquantitative concepts of perceptual entropy and the perceptual distortion-rate function, and current compression technology is examined in that framework.
Patent
Method and apparatus for high-rate packet data transmission
Roberto Padovani,Bender Paul E,Peter J. Black,Matthew S. Grob,Hinderling Jurg K,Nagabhushana T. Sindhushayana,Wheatley Charles E +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the data packets can be transmitted out of sequence by the use of sequence number to identify each data unit within the data packet, which results in retransmission of the received in error.
Journal ArticleDOI
Survey of traffic control schemes and protocols in ATM networks
J.J. Bae,Tatsuya Suda +1 more
TL;DR: The authors survey a number of important research topics in ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) networks, including mathematical modeling of various types of traffic sources, congestion-control and error-control schemes for ATM networks, and priority schemes to support multiple classes of traffic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Packet Losses in Waveform Coded Speech and Improvements Due to an Odd-Even Sample-Interpolation Procedure
TL;DR: Perceptual considerations indicate that packet lengths most robust to losses are in the range 16-32 ms, irrespective of whether interpolation is used or not, whereas tolerable P L values can be as high as 2 to 5 percent without interpolation and 5 to 10 percent with interpolation.
Patent
Multiple access cellular communication with dynamic slot allocation and reduced co-channel interference
TL;DR: In this paper, an apparatus and method reduces co-channel interference in multiple-access cellular communication systems in which frame time or frequency slots are allocated between uplink and downlink, where omnidirectional antenna or a set of directional antennas are used in each cell base station to communicate with users.
References
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Book
Digital Processing of Speech Signals
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-modelling framework for digital Speech Processing for Man-Machine Communication by Voice that automates the very labor-intensive and therefore time-heavy and expensive process of encoding and decoding speech.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adaptive quantization with a one-word memory
TL;DR: By including an adequate range of values for N and Δ START in a generalized SNR definition, it is shown how one can determine stable multiplier functions M OPT that are optimal for a given signal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Theory of an Adaptive Quantizer
David J. Goodman,Allen Gersho +1 more
TL;DR: A bound is obtained for the tradeoff between responsiveness to changing input level and steady-state range accuracy.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Robust Adaptive Quantizer
David J. Goodman,R. Wilkinson +1 more
TL;DR: A related quantizer is introduced which has the advantage of disipating the effects of transmission errors at any desired rate and is applied to the modification of a quantizer currently used for speech.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative Discussion of Circuit- vs. Packet-Switched Voice
TL;DR: This paper explores the robustness of comparisons for a range of network architectures and demonstrates that network sizing as related to the number of voice channels traversing a particular transmission link, and network topology with respect to theNumber of tandem links utilized in an end-to-end connection can have significant effects on the system performance.
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