Journal ArticleDOI
Entomo Toxicity of Xylopia Aethiopica and Aframomummelegueta in Suppressing Oviposition and Adult Emergence of Callasobruchus Maculatus ( Fabricus ) ( Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae ) Infesting Stored Cowpea Seeds
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TLDR
Both plants showed highly useful bioactivity against C. maculatus in suppressing oviposition and adult emergence and, therefore, can be used in formulating ecofriendly herbal insecticides.Abstract:
The cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricus) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a major pest of stored cowpea militating against food security in developing nations. The comparative study of Xylopia aethiopica and Aframomum melegueta powder in respect to their phytochemical and insecticidal properties against C. maculatus was carried out using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments (0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5g/20g cowpea seeds corresponding to 0.0, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1 and 0.13% v/w) replicated thrice under ambient laboratory condition (28±2°C temperature and 75±5% relative humidity). The phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, cardiac glycoside in both plants, while alkaloids was present in A. melegueta and absent in X. aethiopica. The mortality of C. maculatus increased gradually with exposure time and dosage of the plant powders. X. aethiopica caused 75.15% adult mortality and A. meleguta exerted 85% mortality at 120 hrs post infestation. Maximum oviposition deterrent activity was observed with X. aethiopica (54.26%) compared to A. melegueta (51.32%). Conclusively, both plants showed highly useful bioactivity against C. maculatus in suppressing oviposition and adult emergence and, therefore, can be used in formulating ecofriendly herbal insecticides.read more
Citations
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Short Communication - Assessment of the toxic potentials of some plants powders on survival and development of Callosobuchus maculatus
Y.M. Abdullahi,S. Muhammad +1 more
TL;DR: Dried leaves powders of Guirea senegalensis, Piliostigma reticulatum and dried fruit powder of Piper guineense, were tested along side a conventional insecticide, Actellic-2-Dust, to compare their efficacies on survival of cowpea weevil during storage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synergetic effects of two botanical entomocides as pest-protectants in maize grains
TL;DR: M. fragrans and A. melegueta products were effective in controlling Sitophilus zeamais post-harvest infestation and grain damage and could serve as an alternative to synthetic insecticide in ensuring steady supply of maize grains, thus ensuring food security as the plants are of medicinal and nutritional quality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Perforation index assessment of cowpea seeds against cowpea bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae], infestation using Piper guineense
TL;DR: Utilization of plant products as alternative to synthetic insecticides in protecting cowpea seeds against Callosobruchus maculatus should be encouraged for enhanced food safety and security.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative evaluation of insecticidal properties of essential oils of some selected botanicals as bio-pesticides against Cowpea bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae]
TL;DR: The essential oils could be explored as an alternative bio-pesticide to synthetic insecticide in the protection of stored cowpea against C. maculatus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bioefficacy of Larvicidal and Pupicidal properties of Clerodendrum capitatum and Bridelia machrantha leaves extracts against Malaria Vector, Anopheles gambiae giles [Diptera: Culicidae]
TL;DR: Studies were conducted to assess the bio-efficacy of Clerodendrum capitatum and Bridelia machrantha leaves against developmental stages (larva and pupa) of malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae.
References
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Book
Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present methods of extraction and isolation of plant components and methods of separation, and methods for identification and analysis of the results of the extraction and separation of these components.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selection for resistance to azadirachtin in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae
R. Feng,Murray B. Isman +1 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that a blend of active constitutents in a botanical insecticide such as neem might diffuse the selection process, mitigating the development of resistance compared to that expected with a single active ingredient.
Book
The use of spices and medicinals as bioactive protectants for grains.
TL;DR: This bulletin considers alternative materials applicable in use as food storage protectants, concentrating particularly on plants which have found other uses as food spices or in medical applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Response of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) to extracts of cashew kernels
TL;DR: The results obtained from this study revealed that extract of cashew kernel is effective in controlling cowpea storage bruchid, C. maculatus and could serve as an alternative to synthetic insecticides for the protection of stored cowpeas against bruchids as discussed by the authors.
Novel advances with plant saponins as natural insecticides to control pest insects
TL;DR: These interesting plant components open new strategies to protect crops in modern agriculture and horticulture with integrated pest management (IPM) programs against pest insects, either by spraying, or by selecting high-saponin varieties of commercial crops.