Enzymatic combustion: the microbial degradation of lignin
T K Kirk,Roberta L. Farrell +1 more
TLDR
This paper presents a meta-analyses of IGNIN as a stimulus and its applications in medicine and physiology, and discusses the role that IGNIN plays in the development of disease and its role in medicine.Abstract:
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 465 LIGNIN AS A SUBSTRATE ............................................................................................................................... 466 MICROBIOLOGY OF LIGNIN BIODEGRADATI ON ........................................................................... 468 Anaerobic Conditions ............................................................................................................................... 469 Aerobic Conditions ................................................................................................................................... 469 LIGNIN DEGRADATION BY WHITEROT FUNGI ............................................................................. 471 Physiology .......................................................................................................................................................... 472 Biochemistry ............................................................................................................................................ 475 Genetics ..............................................................................................................................................................486 Molecular Biology .................................................................................................................................... 489 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................................... 491 ENZYMATIC “COMBUSTION” ........................................................................................................................ 493read more
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Hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials for ethanol production: a review.
Ye Sun,Jiayang Cheng +1 more
TL;DR: Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation effectively removes glucose, which is an inhibitor to cellulase activity, thus increasing the yield and rate of cellulose hydrolysis, thereby increasing the cost of ethanol production from lignocellulosic materials.
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Methods for Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Efficient Hydrolysis and Biofuel Production
TL;DR: A review of various pretreatment process methods and the recent literature that has been developed can be found in this paper, where the goal of pretreatment is to make the cellulose accessible to hydrolysis for conversion to fuels.
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Sedimentary organic matter preservation: an assessment and speculative synthesis
John I. Hedges,Richard G. Keil +1 more
TL;DR: For example, in a recent paper as discussed by the authors, the authors investigated the mechanisms governing sedimentary organic matter preservation in marine sediments and found that organic preservation in the marine environment is < 0.5% efficient, and that the factors which directly determine preservation vary with depositional regime, but have in common a critical interaction between organic and inorganic materials over locally variable time scales.
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Fungal laccases - occurrence and properties.
TL;DR: The fact that laccases only require molecular oxygen for catalysis makes them suitable for biotechnological applications for the transformation or immobilization of xenobiotic compounds.
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Stoichiometry of soil enzyme activity at global scale
Robert L. Sinsabaugh,Christian L. Lauber,Michael N. Weintraub,Bony Ahmed,Steven D. Allison,Chelsea L. Crenshaw,Alexandra R. Contosta,Daniela F. Cusack,Serita D. Frey,Marcy E. Gallo,Tracy B. Gartner,Sarah E. Hobbie,Keri Holland,Bonnie L. Keeler,Jennifer S. Powers,Martina Štursová,Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach,Mark P. Waldrop,Matthew D. Wallenstein,Donald R. Zak,Lydia H. Zeglin +20 more
TL;DR: A global-scale meta-analysis of the seven-most widely measured soil enzyme activities is conducted, indicating that the enzymatic potential for hydrolyzing the labile components of soil organic matter is tied to substrate availability, soil pH and the stoichiometry of microbial nutrient demand.
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