Journal ArticleDOI
Ethnic diversity and economic development
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The authors analyzes the role that different indices and dimensions of ethnicity play in the process of economic development and finds that ethnic polarization has a large and negative effect on economic development through the reduction of investment and the increase of government consumption and the probability of civil conflict.About:
This article is published in Journal of Development Economics.The article was published on 2005-04-01. It has received 654 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Index (economics) & Fractionalization.read more
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E Pluribus Unum: Diversity and Community in the Twenty‐first Century The 2006 Johan Skytte Prize Lecture
TL;DR: The authors found that in ethnically diverse neighbourhoods residents of all races tend to "hunker down" and trust (even of one's own race) is lower, altruism and community cooperation rarer, friends fewer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ethnic Polarization, Potential Conflict, and Civil Wars
TL;DR: Montalvo and Reynal-Querol as discussed by the authors showed that there is no relationship between ethnic fractionalization, ethnic conflict, and civil wars, and that there are at least three alternative explanations for this: First, it could be the case that the classification of ethnic groups in the Atlas Nadorov Mira (henceforth ANM) is not properly constructed.
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The 'Out of Africa' Hypothesis, Human Genetic Diversity, and Comparative Economic Development
Quamrul H. Ashraf,Oded Galor +1 more
TL;DR: The level of genetic diversity within a society is found to have a hump-shaped effect on development outcomes in both the pre-colonial and the modern era, reflecting the trade-off between the beneficial and the detrimental effects of diversity on productivity.
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Polarization, Horizontal Inequalities and Violent Civil Conflict:
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the impact of ethnic, social and economic polarization on the probability of civil conflict onset across 36 developing countries in the period 1986-2004. And they show that social polarization and horizontal social inequality are positively related to conflict outbreak.
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The Value of Democracy: Evidence from Road Building in Kenya
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantified the extent of ethnic favoritism using data on road building in Kenyan districts across the 1963-2011 period, and examined whether the transition in and out of democracy under the same president constrains or exacerbates ethnic favouritism, finding that districts that share the ethnicity of the president receive twice as much expenditure on roads and have five times the length of paved roads built.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth
TL;DR: The authors examined whether the Solow growth model is consistent with the international variation in the standard of living, and they showed that an augmented Solow model that includes accumulation of human as well as physical capital provides an excellent description of the cross-country data.
ReportDOI
Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries
TL;DR: For 98 countries in the period 1960-1985, the growth rate of real per capita GDP is positively related to initial human capital (proxied by 1960 school-enrollment rates) and negatively related to the initial (1960) level as mentioned in this paper.
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Corruption and Growth
TL;DR: In this paper, a newly assembled data set consisting of subjective indices of corruption, the amount of red tape, the efficiency of the judicial system, and various categories of political stability for a cross section of countries is analyzed.
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Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War
James D. Fearon,David D. Laitin +1 more
TL;DR: This article showed that the current prevalence of internal war is mainly the result of a steady accumulation of protracted conflicts since the 1950s and 1960s rather than a sudden change associated with a new, post-Cold War international system.
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Africa's Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions
William Easterly,Ross Levine +1 more
TL;DR: This article showed that ethnic diversity helps explain cross-country differences in public policies and other economic indicators in Sub-Saharan Africa, and that high ethnic fragmentation explains a significant part of most of these characteristics.