Journal ArticleDOI
Evacuation paths in historic city centres: A holistic methodology for assessing their seismic risk
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TLDR
Results evidence is obtained that the proposed methodology could help safety designers in the seismic emergency planning of urban paths by including the management of population's evacuation routes towards assembly points, the optimization of rescuers’ activities and the promotion of different priorities of interventions on building heritage.Abstract:
During seismic emergencies in historical urban scenarios, evacuation paths can suffer significant damages and modifications due to both extrinsic (i.e.: building facing the path) and intrinsic (i.e.: pavements state, the presence of underground lifelines or hypogeum) vulnerabilities. Such damages and modifications can hinder the population's evacuation and the first responders’ intervention, mainly because of paths' blockage or unavailability in emergency conditions. Paths’ safety is additionally affected by populations’ exposure conditions, also due to individuals’ motion in the post-earthquake environment. Hence, an analysis of factors influencing the seismic risk of evacuation paths and a consequent evaluation of their safety during the emergency are thus desirable. This work aims to offer a preliminary and quick holistic method for seismic risk assessment and damage level estimation of possible evacuation paths. Firstly, data about safety influencing factors (i.e.: path use and exposure; geometric features; physical-structural features; extrinsic vulnerability; seismic hazard) are collected, associated to related weights and organized in risk indexes according to three calculation approaches. Then, according to real-world data, a correlation about path risk-damage levels is proposed with the additional purpose to evaluate the method capabilities in describing post-earthquake scenarios. Obtained results evidence that the proposed methodology could help safety designers in the seismic emergency planning of urban paths (i.e.: by means of risk maps) by including the management of population's evacuation routes towards assembly points, the optimization of rescuers’ activities and the promotion of different priorities of interventions on building heritage.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hospital evacuation modelling: A critical literature review on current knowledge and research gaps
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the findings of a critical literature review to contribute practical insights for health facilities planning and management decision-making in a context where both the likelihood and consequences of natural disasters are increasing in many countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of urban configuration during disasters. a scenario-based methodology for the post-earthquake emergency management of Italian historic centres
TL;DR: This paper assumes that the urban configuration and morphology of historic settlements have a key role in the definition of urban safety and resilience and aims at implementing the spatio-configurational aspects into the post-seismic emergency management of Italian historic centres.
Journal ArticleDOI
Seismic vulnerability assessment methodology for historic masonry buildings in the near-field areas
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focused on the analysis of two historical urban districts, likely to be among the most attractive tourist areas, to assess the seismic vulnerability of the districts in a quick and simplified way, seeks to identify the exposure of the city, and also to provide losses statistics for a specific seismic scenario.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrating human behaviour and building vulnerability for the assessment and mitigation of seismic risk in historic centres: Proposal of a holistic human-centred simulation-based approach
TL;DR: A PDCA-based methodology for earthquake risk assessment is proposed which innovatively combines built environment damage assessment with a simulation of human evacuation behaviour so as to identify potentially inaccessible evacuation paths and urban areas, define related paths/areas safety levels and evaluate the impact of proposed retrofitting and management strategies on the population's safety in an emergency.
Journal ArticleDOI
How to create seismic risk scenarios in historic built environment using rapid data collection and managing
TL;DR: The paper innovatively provides planners with a unique scheme to reach available data from reliable sources concerning seismic hazard, vulnerability and damage, and exposure (i.e. related to human lives quantification) by guaranteeing rapid data collection activities.
References
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Macroseismic and mechanical models for the vulnerability and damage assessment of current buildings
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed both vulnerability and capacity curves with reference to an assumed typological classification system; moreover, their cross-validation is presented in the paper and the parameters of the two methods and the steps for their operative implementation are provided.
Development of seismic vulnerability assessment methodologies over the past 30 years
Gian Michele Calvi,Rui Pinho,Guido Magenes,Julian J. Bommer,L. F Restrepo-Velez,Helen Crowley +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors take a look at some of the most significant contributions in the field of vulnerability assessment and identify the key advantages and disadvantages of these procedures in order to distinguish the main characteristics of an ideal methodology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Presentation of RISK-UE Project
Pierre Mouroux,Benoît Le Brun +1 more
TL;DR: The RISK-UE project as discussed by the authors presents an advanced approach to earthquake risk scenarios with applications to different European towns, including Barcelona, Bitola, Bucharest, Catania, Nice, Sofia and Thessaloniki.