Journal ArticleDOI
Explosion temperatures and pressures of metals and other elemental dust clouds
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TLDR
In this article, the authors conducted a study of the explosibility of various metals and other elemental dusts, with a focus on the experimental explosion temperatures, using a unique multi-wavelength infrared pyrometer to measure the temperatures.Abstract:
The Pittsburgh Research Laboratory of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted a study of the explosibility of various metals and other elemental dusts, with a focus on the experimental explosion temperatures. The data are useful for understanding the basics of dust cloud combustion, as well as for evaluating explosion hazards in the minerals and metals processing industries. The dusts studied included boron, carbon, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, sulfur, titanium, chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, niobium, molybdenum, tin, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, and lead. The dusts were chosen to cover a wide range of physical properties—from the more volatile materials such as magnesium, aluminum, sulfur, and zinc to the highly “refractory” elements such as carbon, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, and tungsten. These flammability studies were conducted in a 20-L chamber, using strong pyrotechnic ignitors. A unique multiwavelength infrared pyrometer was used to measure the temperatures. For the elemental dusts studied, all ignited and burned as air-dispersed dust clouds except for nickel, copper, molybdenum, and lead. The measured maximum explosion temperatures ranged from ∼1550 K for tin and tungsten powders to ∼2800 K for aluminum, magnesium, and titanium powders. The measured temperatures are compared to the calculated, adiabatic flame temperatures.read more
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Metal-based nanoenergetic materials: Synthesis, properties, and applications
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the advances made over the past few decades in the areas of synthesis, properties, and applications of metal-based energetic nanomaterials is provided in this paper.
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Experimental investigation and modelling of aluminum dusts explosions in the 20 L sphere
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation was carried out on the influences of dust concentration, particle size distribution and humidity on aluminum dust explosion, and the results stressed the predominance of the specific surface area on the mass median particle diameter.
Journal ArticleDOI
Explosion characteristics of micron- and nano-size magnesium powders
TL;DR: In this article, the explosion characteristics of micron-and nano-size magnesium powders were determined using CSIR-CBRI 20-L Sphere, Hartmann apparatus and Godbert-Greenwald furnace to study influence of particle size reduction to nano-range on these.
Journal ArticleDOI
Explosibility of micron- and nano-size titanium powders
TL;DR: Explosibility of micron-and nano-titanium was determined and compared according to explosion severity and likelihood using standard dust explosion equipment as discussed by the authors, which was followed using a Siwek 20-L explosion chamber, MIKE 3 apparatus and BAM oven.
Journal ArticleDOI
Explosion severity of micro-sized aluminum dust and its flame propagation properties in 20 L spherical vessel
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of dust concentration, particle size and specific surface areas on aluminum dust explosion severity were analyzed systemically using 20L explosion vessel, and the results showed that explosion parameters present an increasing and then decreasing trend with dust concentrations.
References
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Computer Program for Calculation of Complex Chemical Equilibrium Compositions and Applications II. Users Manual and Program Description. 2; Users Manual and Program Description
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a list of elements and their compounds: O, HD, T, F, Cl, Br, I, He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn, S, N, P, and their corresponding compounds.