Factors associated with breastfeeding at six months postpartum in a group of Australian women.
TLDR
A negative association between breastfeeding outcomes and giving babies infant formula in hospital, a high maternal body mass index, and self-reported maternal depression or anxiety in the six months after the baby was born is found.Abstract:
Despite high levels of breastfeeding initiation in Australia, only 47 percent of women are breastfeeding (exclusively or partially) six months later, with marked differences between social groups. It is important to identify women who are at increased risk of early cessation of breastfeeding. Data from the three arms of a randomised controlled trial were pooled and analysed as a cohort using logistic regression to identify which factors predicted women continuing to feed any breast milk at six months postpartum. The original trial included 981 primiparous women attending a public, tertiary, women's hospital in Melbourne, Australia in 1999–2001. The trial evaluated the effect of two mid-pregnancy educational interventions on breastfeeding initiation and duration. In the 889 women with six month outcomes available, neither intervention increased breastfeeding initiation nor duration compared to standard care. Independent variables were included in the predictive model based on the literature and discussion with peers and were each tested individually against the dependent variable (any breastfeeding at six months). Thirty-three independent variables of interest were identified, of which 25 qualified for inclusion in the preliminary regression model; 764 observations had complete data available. Factors remaining in the final model that were positively associated with breastfeeding any breast milk at six months were: a very strong desire to breastfeed; having been breastfed oneself as a baby; being born in an Asian country; and older maternal age. There was an increasing association with increasing age. Factors negatively associated with feeding any breast milk at six months were: a woman having no intention to breastfeed six months or more; smoking 20 or more cigarettes per day pre-pregnancy; not attending childbirth education; maternal obesity; having self-reported depression in the six months after birth; and the baby receiving infant formula while in hospital. In addition to the factors commonly reported as being associated with breastfeeding in previous work, this study found a negative association between breastfeeding outcomes and giving babies infant formula in hospital, a high maternal body mass index, and self-reported maternal depression or anxiety in the six months after the baby was born. Interventions that seek to increase breastfeeding should consider focusing on women who wish to breastfeed but are at high risk of early discontinuation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Variables Associated With Breastfeeding Duration
Diane Thulier,Judith S. Mercer +1 more
TL;DR: Human lactation is a complex phenomena and the duration of breastfeeding is influenced by many demographic, physical, social, and psychological variables.
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Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies
Alison McFadden,Anna Gavine,Mary J. Renfrew,Angela Wade,Phyll Buchanan,Jane Taylor,Emma Veitch,Anne Marie Rennie,Susan Crowther,Sara Neiman,Stephen MacGillivray +10 more
TL;DR: All forms of extra support analyzed together showed a decrease in cessation of 'any breastfeeding', which includes partial and exclusive breastfeeding, and substantial heterogeneity for within-group heterogeneity remained high for all of these analyses, so advise caution when making specific conclusions based on subgroup results.
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Factors that positively influence breastfeeding duration to 6 months: A literature review
TL;DR: The modifiable factors that are positively associated with breastfeeding duration are the woman's breastfeeding intention, her breastfeeding self-efficacy and her social support.
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Maternal obesity: pregnancy complications, gestational weight gain and nutrition
TL;DR: It is shown that gestational weight gain of obese pregnant women generally exceeds the Institute of Medicine recommended ranges and can partially be explained by an unbalanced diet and lack of daily physical activity.
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A systematic review of maternal obesity and breastfeeding intention, initiation and duration.
TL;DR: Evidence from epidemiological studies that overweight and obese women are less likely to breastfeed than normal weight women is found, even after adjusting for possible confounding factors.
References
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Early skin‐to‐skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants
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TL;DR: The results indicate that support from clinicians and maternal depressive symptoms are associated with breastfeeding duration, and attention to these issues may help to promote breastfeeding continuation among mothers who initiate.
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Infant feeding practices and associated factors in the first six months of life: The Norwegian Infant Nutrition Survey
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Journal ArticleDOI
Factors associated with breastfeeding at discharge and duration of breastfeeding
TL;DR: To identify determinants of the initiation and duration of breastfeeding amongst Australian women, a large number of women believe that breastfeeding should be initiated and lasted for at least 12 weeks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relationship between prenatal infant feeding intention and initiation and duration of breastfeeding: a cohort study
Susan Donath,Lisa H Amir +1 more
TL;DR: Prenatal intention to breastfeed had an influence on both initiation and duration of breastfeeding and that of the women intending to bottle feed from birth.