Journal ArticleDOI
First detection in Israel of fluvalinate resistance in the varroa mite using bioassay and biochemical methods.
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TLDR
This first demonstration of a fluvalinate-resistance mechanism in varroa mites points to the need for more vigorous resistance management practices to control the pest.Abstract:
The aim of this study was to explore the extent of varroa mite resistance to fluvalinate in Israel and to determine the underlying biochemical mechanism. Assays at different apiaries indicated varroa mite resistance at three of the five sites tested. Dose response assays conducted with tau-fluvalinate on mites obtained from different sites indicated uneven resistance. A monooxygenase assay revealed an increased rate (approximately 20-fold) of activity in mites that were not controlled by the pesticide, as compared to activity in mites from untreated colonies. A minor, 1.5–2.5 fold, increase of esterase activity was also noted in the resistant mites. This first demonstration of a fluvalinate-resistance mechanism in varroa mites points to the need for more vigorous resistance management practices to control the pest.read more
Citations
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Acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae and other important Acari: A review
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative acaricide susceptibility and detoxifying enzyme activities in field‐collected resistant and susceptible strains of Tetranychus urticae
TL;DR: Enhanced detoxification by increased activity of mono-oxygenases (MO) and esterases is at least partially responsible for the observed resistance and cross-resistance of the two-spotted spider mite.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mediation of Pyrethroid Insecticide Toxicity to Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) by Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases
TL;DR: The potent synergism between tau-fluvalinate and PBO suggests that P450s are especially important in the detoxification of this pyrethroid and explains the ability of honey bees to tolerate its presence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bidirectional transfer of RNAi between honey bee and Varroa destructor: Varroa gene silencing reduces Varroa population.
TL;DR: It is shown that dsRNA ingested by bees is transferred to the Varroa mite and from mite on to a parasitized bee, and this cross-species, reciprocal exchange of ds RNA engendered targeted gene silencing in the latter, and resulted in over 60% decrease in the mite population.
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The resistance of varroa mites (Acari: Varroidae) to acaricides and the presence of esterase
TL;DR: It is possible that an esterase-mediated resistance mechanism is operative in the population of the mites analyzed, however, a combination of other resistance mechanisms may be present which make the ester enzyme activity gel method unreliable for use in identifying varroa mites with multiple resistance.
References
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A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding
TL;DR: This assay is very reproducible and rapid with the dye binding process virtually complete in approximately 2 min with good color stability for 1 hr with little or no interference from cations such as sodium or potassium nor from carbohydrates such as sucrose.
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A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide
TL;DR: In order to make experimental studies comparable and statistically meaningful, the article recommends the following formula: per cent control = 100(X - Y)/X, which eliminates errors due to deaths in the control sample which were not due to the insecticide.
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Parasitic mites of honey bees: life history, implications, and impact.
TL;DR: The biology and damage of the three main pest species Acarapis woodi, Varroa jacobsoni, and Tropilaelaps clareae is reviewed, along with detection and control methods.
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The resistance of Varroa jacobsoni Oud to pyrethroids: a laboratory assay
TL;DR: Aucune difference significative n'a ete trouvee entre des acariens provenant de the meme localite mais issus de stades de couvain differents (larves operculees, nymphes aux yeux noirs et au corps blanc), alors que des reponses variables ont ete obtenues avec des acarien Varroa provenant d'ouvrieres adultes.
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Ineffectiveness of Apistan® treatment against the mite Varroa jacobsoni Oud in several districts of Lombardy (Italy)
TL;DR: Dans plusieurs regions d'Italie on signale depuis quelques annees de fortes mortalites d'abeilles dues a la varroose dans des colonies traitees a l'Apistan®.