Journal ArticleDOI
Fixation of radiocaesium traces in a weathering sequence mica vermiculite hydroxy interlayered vermiculite
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In this article, a laboratory weathering model was used to investigate the effect of weathering of mica in acid soils on the Cs+ fixation process and the mobility of radiopollutant.Abstract:
Radiocaesium fixation in soils is reported to occur on frayed edge sites of micaceous minerals. The weathering of mica in acid soils may therefore influence the Cs+ fixation process and thereby the mobility of the radiopollutant. We produced a laboratory weathering model biotite --> trioctahedral vermiculite --> oxidized vermiculite --> hydroxy interlayered vermiculite (HIV) and quantified the Cs' fixation of each mineral both in a fixed K+-Ca2+ background and in acid conditions. The transformation process was achieved through K depletion by Na-tetraphenylboron, oxidation with Br-2 and Al-intercalation using NaOH and AlCl3. In a constant K+-Ca2+ background, vermiculite fixed 92-95% of the initial Cs-137(+) contamination while biotite and HIV fixed only 18-33%. In acid conditions, the interlayer occupancy by either potassium (biotite) or hydroxy-Al groups (HIV) strongly limited Cs+ fixation to 1-4% of the initial Cs-137(+) contamination. Cs+ fixation occurred on vermiculitic sites associated with micaceous wedge zones. Though both oxidized and trioctahedral vermiculites fixed similar Cs+ amounts in a constant K+-Ca2+ background (92-95%), the oxidized vermiculite retained much more radiocaesium in acid conditions (78-84% against 54-59%), because of its dioctahedral character.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Possible role of organic matter in radiocaesium adsorption in soils.
TL;DR: It is shown that the addition of organic matter to reference clay minerals causes decreases of up to an order of magnitude in the distribution coefficient of radiocaesium and suggests that the nature of the organic matter and its interaction with mineral surfaces are as important as the amount present.
Book ChapterDOI
Soil Chemical Insights Provided through Vibrational Spectroscopy
TL;DR: Vibrational spectroscopy techniques provide a powerful approach to the study of environmental materials and processes as discussed by the authors, which can be used to probe molecular vibrations of solid, liquid, and gaseous samples for characterizing materials, elucidating reaction mechanisms, and examining kinetic processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil organic horizons as a major source for radiocesium biorecycling in forest ecosystems.
Nathalie Kruyts,Bruno Delvaux +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the accumulation of organic matter in topsoils can exert a dilution of FES-bearing minerals in the thick humus of some forest soils, and such accumulation significantly contributes to increasing 137Cs soil-to-plant transfer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Speciation of Radioactive Soil Particles in the Fukushima Contaminated Area by IP Autoradiography and Microanalyses
TL;DR: Radioactive soil particles several tens of micrometers in size were collected from litter soil in the radiation contaminated area by the Fukushima nuclear plant accident and characterized using electron and X-ray microanalyses, implying that radioactive cesium was sorbed uniformly in the porous weathered biotite.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative analysis of radiocaesium retention in soils
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that in situ solid-liquid distribution coefficients (KD values) can be predicted from readily measurable soil properties, thus enabling information about the mobility of radiocaesium in soils to be reliably and easily obtained.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selective sorption and fixation of cations by clay minerals : A review
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the literature concerning selective sorption and fixation of K and similar cations by clay minerals and soil clays and the mechanisms of these reactions are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of clay minerals from acid soils
TL;DR: In this article, a technique is described for the identification of clay minerals, the layers of which are difficult to expand or collapse by the usual treatment with glycerol and KCl.
Journal ArticleDOI
Availability of radiocaesium in soils : a new methodology
TL;DR: In this paper, the partitioning of radiocaesium between the micaceous specific site pool and the reversible ion exchange pool in mineral soils characterized by relatively low contents of organic matter is predicted on the basis of soil characterization.