Journal ArticleDOI
Frame Synchronization for Gaussian Channels
Gee Lui,Harry H. Tan +1 more
TLDR
These results show that in each case the high signal-to-noise maximum-likelihood rules have a performance nearly equal to that of the maximum- likelihood rules over a wide range of practically interesting signal- to- noise ratios (SNR's).Abstract:
The problem of locating a periodically inserted frame synchronization pattern in random data for a M -ary digital communication system operating over the additive white Gaussian noise channel is considered. The optimum maximum-likelihood decision rule, high signal-to-noise approximate maximum likelihood decision rule, and ordinary correlation decision rule for frame synchronization are derived for both coherent and noncoherent phase demodulation. A general lower bound on synchronization probability is derived for the coherent correlation rule. Monte Carlo computer simulations of all three decision rules, along with evaluations of the lower bound for the coherent correlation rule, were performed for the coherent MPSK, coherent, and noncoherent M ary orthogonal, and 16 QAM signaling schemes. These results show that in each case the high signal-to-noise maximum-likelihood rules have a performance nearly equal to that of the maximum-likelihood rules over a wide range of practically interesting signal-to-noise ratios (SNR's). These high SNR decision rules also provide significant performance improvement over the simple correlation rules. Moreover, they are much simpler to implement than the maximum-likelihood decision rules and, in fact, are no more complex than the correlation rules.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Frame synchronization in the presence of frequency offset
Zae Yong Choi,Yong Hoon Lee +1 more
TL;DR: A new frame synchronization technique, which is robust to carrier frequency and phase errors, is proposed for M-ary PSK systems and generally outperformed the existing rules when a frequency offset existed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optimum and suboptimum frame synchronization for pilot-symbol-assisted modulation
TL;DR: This paper uses optimum frame synchronization techniques to develop two synchronizers for PSAM systems; one is based on a standard maximum likelihood (ML) estimation formulation, and the other is a sequential testing algorithm that uses a simple quadratic correlation filter with an energy correction factor.
Journal ArticleDOI
On sequential frame synchronization in AWGN channels
Marco Chiani,Maria G. Martini +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that synchronization can be greatly improved by using the LRT and GLRT metrics instead of correlation and that, among correlation-based tests, sometimes hard correlation is better than soft correlation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blind frame synchronization for error correcting codes having a sparse parity check matrix
TL;DR: Simulation results show that the proposed blind frame synchronization method outperforms the existing one and presents good performance when applied to codes having a sparse parity check matrix such as low density parity check (LDPC) codes and convolutional codes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Frame synchronization using distributed sequences
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that this new method of synchronization is introduced in which the synchronization sequence is not contiguous, but is interleaved with the data symbols, which reduces the probability of false synchronization over traditional methods in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Optimum Frame Synchronization
TL;DR: It is shown that the optimum rule is to select the location that maximizes the sum of the correlation and a correction term to locate a sync word periodically imbedded in binary data and received over the additive white Gaussian noise channel.
Journal ArticleDOI
Some Optimum and Suboptimum Frame Synchronizers for Binary Data in Gaussian Noise
TL;DR: One suboptimum synchronizer, which is extremely simple to instrument, is shown to perform virtually optimally over the entire range of interesting signal-to-noise ratios.
Journal ArticleDOI
On Joint Symbol and Frame Synchronization for Direct-Detection Optical Communication Systems
TL;DR: An approximate maximum-likelihood rule is derived for joint symbol and frame synchronization with pulse-position modulation and results show that this approximate rule performs virtually as well as the optimum ML rule over a wide range of practical signal-to-noise ratios.