Frequency of Infection of Lutzomyia Phlebotomines with Leishmania braziliensis in a Brazilian Endemic Area as Assessed by Pinpoint Capture and Polymerase Chain Reaction
José Carlos Miranda,Eliana A. G. Reis,Albert Schriefer,Marilda Souza Goncalves,Mitermayer G. Reis,Lucas P. Carvalho,Octavio Fernandes,Manoel Barral-Netto,Aldina Barral +8 more
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TLDR
The results show that there is a non-homogeneous distribution of Leishmania-infected vectors, and such a clustering may have implications in control strategies against leishmaniasis, and reinforces the necessity of understanding the ecological and geographical factors involved inLeishmanial transmission.Abstract:
Leishmania infected of Lutzomyia spp. are rare in endemic areas. We tested the hypothesis that there is clustering of infected vectors by combining pinpoint capture with sensitive L. braziliensis kDNA minicircle specific PCR/dot blot in an endemic area in the State of Bahia. Thirty out of 335 samples (10 to 20 sand flies/sample; total of 4,027 female sand flies) were positive by PCR analysis and dot blot leading to a underestimated overall rate of 0.4% positive phlebotomines. However, 83.3% of the positive samples were contributed by a single sector out of four sectors of the whole studied area. This resulted in a rate of 1.5% Leishmania positive phlebotomines for this sector, far above rates of other sectors. Incidence of American cutaneous leishmaniasis cases for this sector was about twice that for other sectors. Our results show that there is a non-homogeneous distribution of Leishmania-infected vectors. Such a clustering may have implications in control strategies against leishmaniasis, and reinforces the necessity of understanding the ecological and geographical factors involved in leishmanial transmission.read more
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Identification of naturally infected Lutzomyia intermedia and Lutzomyia migonei with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) revealed by a PCR multiplex non-isotopic hybridisation assay.
Daniela de Pita-Pereira,Carlos Roberto Alves,Marcos Barbosa de Souza,Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil,Álvaro Luiz Bertho,André F. Barbosa,Constança Britto +6 more
TL;DR: The results presented here represent the first molecular approach used to infer the natural infection index in both Lutzomyia spp.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural Leishmania infantum infection in Migonemyia migonei (França, 1920) (Diptera:Psychodidae:Phlebotominae) the putative vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Pernambuco State, Brazil.
Maria Rosimery de Carvalho,Hélio França Valença,Fernando José da Silva,Daniela de Pita-Pereira,Thaís de Araújo Pereira,Constança Britto,Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil,Sinval Pinto Brandão Filho +7 more
TL;DR: The analysis of M. migonei, collected by CDC light trap, by multiplex PCR assay coupled to non-isotopic hybridization showed that 2 females out of 50 were infected by L. infantum suggesting that M. migraineonei may be the vector of L. infants in areas of visceral leishmaniasis where Lutzomyia longipalpis, the usual vector, is absent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of natural infection in Lutzomyia cruzi and Lutzomyia forattinii (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) by Leishmania infantum chagasi in an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil using a PCR multiplex assay.
Daniela de Pita-Pereira,M. A. Cardoso,Carlos Roberto Alves,Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil,Constança Britto +4 more
TL;DR: Results confirm the vectorial role of Lu.
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Study on phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) fauna in Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Carina Margonari de Souza,Jose Eduardo Pessanha,Ricardo Andrade Barata,Érika Michalsky Monteiro,Daniela Carmargos Costa,Edelberto Santos Dias +5 more
TL;DR: Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and frequency of precipitation suggest that the number of insects increases after rainy periods, and Leishmania DNA was present in any of the specimens tested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Naturally Infected Lutzomyia Sand Flies in a Leishmania-Endemic Area of Brazil
Gustavo Mayr de Lima Carvalho,José Dilermando Andrade Filho,Alda Lima Falcão,Ana Cristina Vianna Mariano da Rocha Lima,Célia Maria Ferreira Gontijo +4 more
TL;DR: PCR analyses showed that two pools originating from Santa Luzia, a municipality near Belo Horizonte, capital of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, were infected with Leishmaniasis, suggesting that Lu.
References
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ReportDOI
Guide to the Identification and Geographic Distribution of Lutzomyia Sand Flies in Mexico, the West Indies, Central and South America (Diptera:Psychodidae)
David G. Young,Margo A. Duran +1 more
TL;DR: Nearly 400 species and subspecies of phlebotomine sand flies in the medically important genus Lutzomyia are identified by taxanomic keys to the adults and by associated illustrations.
Journal ArticleDOI
The American leishmaniases: some observations on their ecology and epidemiology
TL;DR: The following paper deals with the better known human leishmaniases of the New World, and some new ones, and discusses the major historical events in the laborious task of elucidating their ecology and epidemiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiology of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Due to Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis
T. C. Jones,Warren D. Johnson,Barretto Ac,Lago E,Roberto Badaró,B. J. Cerf,Steven G. Reed,Eduardo Martins Netto,Tada Ms,Franca Tf +9 more
TL;DR: A five-year prospective study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Brazil revealed an annual incidence of disease of 8.1 per 1000 inhabitants and a prevalence of 14.9%.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping the densities of malaria vectors within a single village
TL;DR: Bayesian techniques derived for use in cancer epidemiology are applied in order to map densities of Anopheles gambiae s.l. and A. funestus in a Tanzanian village where there is intense transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of Leishmania DNA by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Scars of Treated Human Patients
Armando de Oliveira Schubach,Fatima Haddad,Manoel Paes-Oliveira Neto,Wim Degrave,Claude Pirmez,Gabriel Grimaldi,Octavio Fernandes +6 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that parasites persist in the skin for many years despite treatment, and could have a role in the maintenance of immunologic memory in patients living in areas in which leishmaniasis is endemic.
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