Quantum information science is a young and vigorously growing area of research which promises enormous potential and opportunities. This article, which will appear in two parts, gives a quantitative description of some of the ideas and techniques fundamental to this discipline. Considerations involving mixed states are reserved for Part 2.

Quantum theory’s unusual predictions stem from its basic formalism which involves concepts like the wavefunction or probabilityamplitudes instead of probabilities. Many serious doubts have been raised about quantum theory’s connection with perceived classical dynamics. How does quantum mechanics, with all its strange ideas, unfold to give us the ‘reality’ of the familiar physical world? What is the connection between theclassical and thequantum! If quantum mechanics is, indeed, the fundamental theory of nature, as is widely accepted, then how does it explainclassicality! In the following, some of the fascinating conceptual problems of quantum mechanics are highlighted. The ‘environment-induceddecoherence’ approach is then discussed as one practical attempt at explaining the emergence of a classical world from an underlying quantum substrate

From shannon to quantum information science

The coming of a classical world

In 19 35, A lb ert E in stein , B oris P o d olsk y an d N ath an R osen p u b lish ed a p ap er titled C̀ a n Q u an tu m -M ech an ical D escrip tion of P h y sica l R ea lity B e C o n sid ered C om p lete?' in th e P hysical R eview , V olu m e 47 , p a ges 777 78 0. G en erally k n ow n as th e E P R p a p er, it h a s h ad an en orm ou s in ° u en ce, d esp ite its sh ort len gth , o n th e in terp retatio n a n d fu rth er an a ly sis o f q u a n tu m m ech a n ics. It im m ed iately led to a rep ly fro m N iels B oh r in a p ap er w ith ex actly th e sam e title (ex cep t th at B̀ e' w a s rep la ced b y b̀ e') in th e sa m e year, on p a ges 6 96-702 of th e n ex t volu m e of th e sa m e jo u rn al.

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paper An Important Event in the History of Quantum Mechanics

Tendency to oscillate at certain frequencies

Communication Systems and Information Theory. A Measure of Information. Coding for Discrete Sources. Discrete Memoryless Channels and Capacity. The Noisy-Channel Coding Theorem. Techniques for Coding and Decoding. Memoryless Channels with Discrete Time. Waveform Channels. Source Coding with a Fidelity Criterion. Index.

Information Theory and Reliable Communication

In the previous part of this article, we discussed the basic ideas of quantum probability theory and used them to describe a quantum channel with noise. In the concluding part of this article, we develop the basic theory of quantum errorcorrecting codes and present a few examples.

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From shannon to quantum information science

Citations

The coming of a classical world

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paper An Important Event in the History of Quantum Mechanics

References

Information Theory and Reliable Communication

The mathematics of error correcting quantum codes

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