Health-care-associated infection in Africa: a systematic review
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TLDR
There is an urgent need to identify and implement feasible and sustainable approaches to strengthen HAI prevention, surveillance and control in Africa and it is revealed that its frequency is much higher than in developed countries.Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: To assess the epidemiology of endemic health-care-associated infection (HAI) in Africa. METHODS: Three databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the WHO regional medical database for Africa) were searched to identify studies published from 1995 to 2009 on the epidemiology of HAI in African countries. No language restriction was applied. Available abstract books of leading international infection control conferences were also searched from 2004 to 2009. FINDINGS: The eligibility criteria for inclusion in the review were met by 19 articles, only 2 of which met the criterion of high quality. Four relevant abstracts were retrieved from the international conference literature.The hospital-wide prevalence of HAI varied between 2.5% and 14.8%; in surgical wards, the cumulative incidence ranged from 5.7% to 45.8%.The largest number of studies focused on surgical site infection, whose cumulative incidence ranged from 2.5% to 30.9%. Data on causative pathogens were available from a few studies only and highlighted the importance of Gram-negative rods, particularly in surgical site infection and ventilator-associated pneumonia. CONCLUSION: Limited information is available on the endemic burden of HAI in Africa, but our review reveals that its frequency is much higher than in developed countries.There is an urgent need to identify and implement feasible and sustainable approaches to strengthen HAI prevention, surveillance and control in Africa.read more
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Microbial contamination of hands of healthcare providers in the operating theatre of a central hospital
TL;DR: It was concerning that 100% of the hands of HCPs who were about to commence with the surgical list had microbial growth, and microorganisms cultured on hands are a source of cross-transmission which may result in HAIs.
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The burden of surgical site infections and related antibiotic resistance in two geographic regions of Sierra Leone: a prospective study
Sulaiman Lakoh,Le Yi,James A. Russell,Ju-ling Zhang,Stephen Sevalie,Yongxiang Zhao,Joseph Sam Kanu,Peng Liu,S. Conteh,C. Williams,U. Barrie,Mohamed Gbessay Sheku,Mohamed Boie Jalloh,Olukemi Adekanmbi,Darlinda F. Jiba,Matilda N. Kamara,Gibrilla F. Deen,Joseph Okeibunor,George A. Yendewa,Xuejun Guo,Emmanuel Firima +20 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the burden of surgical site infections and related antibiotic resistance in the 34 Military Hospital (MH) and Makeni Government Hospital (MGH) located in two geographic regions of Sierra Leone using a prospective study design to collect data from adults aged 18 years or older.
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Retrospective Evaluation of Nosocomial Bacterial Infections and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns Among Hospitalized Patients in Mogadishu, Somalia
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References
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CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting.
TL;DR: In this paper, the NHSN criteria for all healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are presented, including those for the "Big Four" (surgical site infection [SSI], pneumonia [PNEU], bloodstream infection [BSI] and urinary tract infection [UTI]).
Journal Article
CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting.
TL;DR: In this article, the NHSN criteria for all healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are presented, including those for the "Big Four" (surgical site infection [SSI], pneumonia [PNEU], bloodstream infection [BSI] and urinary tract infection [UTI]).
Journal ArticleDOI
Burden of endemic health-care-associated infection in developing countries: systematic review and meta-analysis
Benedetta Allegranzi,Sepideh Bagheri Nejad,Christophe Combescure,Wilco Graafmans,Homa Attar,Liam Donaldson,Didier Pittet,Didier Pittet +7 more
TL;DR: The epidemiology of endemic health-care-associated infection in developing countries is assessed and a need to improve surveillance and infection-control practices is indicated.
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Infection Control — A Problem for Patient Safety
TL;DR: Nosocomial infections are today by far the most common complications affecting hospitalized patients, and a single type of nosocomial infection — surgical-wound infection — constituted the second-largest category of adverse events.