Journal ArticleDOI
How did morality evolve
TLDR
In this paper, the authors present and criticise the evolutionary theory of morality and present ways of evaluating Alexander's theory as well as modified versions of it and discuss ways to evaluate them.Abstract:
. This paper presents and criticizes. Alexander's evolutionary theory of morality (1987). Earlier research, on which Alexander's theory is based, is also reviewed. The propensity to create moral systems evolved because it allowed ancestral humans to limit conflict within cooperating groups and thus form larger groups, which were advantageous because of intense between-group competition. Alexander sees moral codes as contractual, and the primary criticism of his theory is that moral codes are not completely contractual but also coercive. Ways of evaluating Alexander's theory as well as modified versions of it are discussed.read more
Citations
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God Is Watching You Priming God Concepts Increases Prosocial Behavior in an Anonymous Economic Game
Azim F. Shariff,Ara Norenzayan +1 more
TL;DR: Two studies aimed at resolving experimentally whether religion increases prosocial behavior in the anonymous dictator game are presented, focusing on the hypotheses that the religious prime had an ideomotor effect on generosity or that it activated a felt presence of supernatural watchers.
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The sociobiology of sociopathy: An integrated evolutionary model
TL;DR: In this article, the authors integrate the proximate, developmental models with the ultimate, evolutionary ones, suggesting that two developmentally different etiologies of sociopathy emerge from two different evolutionary mechanisms.
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Punitive sentiment as an anti-free rider psychological device.
TL;DR: This paper showed that the computational system that regulates one's level of punitive sentiment in collective action contexts is functionally specialized for removing the fitness advantage enjoyed by free riders rather than for labor recruitment or other functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The evolutionary psychology of men's coercive sexuality
TL;DR: The authors examined six testable predictions against existing data: (1) both coercive and non-coercive will be associated with high levels of sexual arousal and performance in men, and (2) achieving physical control of a sexually unwilling woman will be sexually arousing to men.
References
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Book
The Evolution of Cooperation
TL;DR: In this paper, a model based on the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy in the context of the Prisoner's Dilemma game was developed for cooperation in organisms, and the results of a computer tournament showed how cooperation based on reciprocity can get started in an asocial world, can thrive while interacting with a wide range of other strategies, and can resist invasion once fully established.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Genetical Evolution of Social Behaviour. I
TL;DR: A genetical mathematical model is described which allows for interactions between relatives on one another's fitness and a quantity is found which incorporates the maximizing property of Darwinian fitness, named “inclusive fitness”.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Evolution of Cooperation
R. B. Greene,Robert Axelrod +1 more
TL;DR: A model is developed based on the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy in the context of the Prisoner's Dilemma game to show how cooperation based on reciprocity can get started in an asocial world, can thrive while interacting with a wide range of other strategies, and can resist invasion once fully established.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism
TL;DR: In this paper, a model is presented to account for the natural selection of what is termed reciprocally altruistic behavior, and the model shows how selection can operate against the cheater (non-reciprocator) in the system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sex differences in human mate preferences: Evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that females value cues to resource acquisition in potential mates more highly than males, while males valued earning capacity, ambition, industriousness, youth, physical attractiveness, and chastity.