Journal ArticleDOI
How predatory mites learn to cope with variability in volatile plant signals in the environment of their herbivorous prey.
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TLDR
The ability of a predatory arthropod to learn the association of a positive stimulus (herbivorous prey, Tetranychus urticae) or a negative stimulus (hunger) with a chemical cue (Herbivore-induced plant volatiles or green leaf volatile) is demonstrated.Abstract:
When the chemical cues co-occurring with prey vary in time and space, foraging predators profit from an ability to repeatedly associate chemical cues with the presence of their prey. We demonstrate the ability of a predatory arthropod (the plant-inhabiting mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis) to learn the association of a positive stimulus (herbivorous prey, Tetranychus urticae) or a negative stimulus (hunger) with a chemical cue (herbivore-induced plant volatiles or green leaf volatiles). It has been suggested that the rate at which the integration of information becomes manifest as a change in behaviour, differs between categories of natural enemies (parasitoids versus insect predators: specialist versus generalist predators). We argue that these differences do not necessarily reflect differential learning ability, but rather relate to the ecologically relevant time scale at which the biotic environment changes.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Plant Volatiles: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives
TL;DR: This review focuses on the functions of plant volatiles, their biosynthesis and regulation, and the metabolic engineering of the volatile spectrum, which results in plant defense improvement and changes of scent and aroma properties of flowers and fruits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differential Timing of Spider Mite-Induced Direct and Indirect Defenses in Tomato Plants
TL;DR: It is indicated that tomato activates its indirect defenses (volatile production) to complement the direct defense response against spider mites, and a significant increase in the emission of volatile terpenoids was delayed until day four.
Journal ArticleDOI
Jasmonic Acid Is a Key Regulator of Spider Mite-Induced Volatile Terpenoid and Methyl Salicylate Emission in Tomato
TL;DR: The tomato mutant def-1, which is deficient in induced jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation upon wounding or herbivory, was used to study the role of JA in the direct and indirect defense responses to phytophagous mites as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Behavioural and community ecology of plants that cry for help
TL;DR: This selective review addressing the ecology of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) by integrating information on mechanisms and ecological functions is addressed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of volatiles that are used in discrimination between plants infested with prey or nonprey herbivores by a predatory mite.
TL;DR: Analysis of chemical composition of the volatile blends from T. urticae-infested lima bean plants at different densities of spider mites shows that specific compounds from complex herbivore-induced volatile blends can play an important role in the selective foraging behavior of natural enemies of herbivorous arthropods.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Herbivore-infested plants selectively attract parasitoids
TL;DR: The production by phylogenetically diverse plant species and the exploitation by parasitoids of highly specific chemical signals, keyed to individual herbivore species, indicates that the interaction between plants and the natural enemies of the herbivores that attack them is more sophisticated than previously realized.
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How caterpillar-damaged plants protect themselves by attracting parasitic wasps
Ted C. J. Turlings,John H. Loughrin,Philip J. McCall,U. S. R. Rose,W. J. Lewis,James H. Tumlinson +5 more
TL;DR: The studies on the phenomena of herbivore-induced emissions of volatiles in corn and cotton plants and studies conducted by others indicate that the clarity of the volatile signals is high, as they are unique for herbivor damage, produced in relatively large amounts, and easily distinguishable from background odors.
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Isolation and identification of volatile kairomone that affects acarine predator-prey interactions: involvement of host plant in its production.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the kairomone component linalool is also a component of a volatile spider-mite dispersing pheromone and chemical evidence suggests that the plant is involved in production of the k airomone.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological and evolutionary aspects of learning in phytophagous insects
TL;DR: In this review, work on learning in phytophagous insects is placed into the broader perspective of learning in a variety of insects including bees and parasitic wasps, and the ecological significance of learning with respect to both the traditional categories erected by behaviorists and the more recent concept of programed learning developed by ethologists.