Journal ArticleDOI
Human balance, the evolution of bipedalism and dysequilibrium syndrome.
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TLDR
It is argued that cortical areas processing the spatial and other cognitions needed to enable vertical balance was an important reason for brain size expansion of Homo erectus.About:
This article is published in Medical Hypotheses.The article was published on 2006-01-01. It has received 66 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Postural Balance & Dysequilibrium Syndrome.read more
Citations
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Equilibrium of the human body and the gravity line: the basics.
TL;DR: To analyse sagittal balance, the parameters concerned and the relationships between them are defined and the spino-sacral angle, which is an intrinsic parameter, is defined.
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CA8 Mutations Cause a Novel Syndrome Characterized by Ataxia and Mild Mental Retardation with Predisposition to Quadrupedal Gait
Seval Türkmen,Gao Guo,Masoud Garshasbi,Katrin Hoffmann,Amjad J. Alshalah,Claudia Mischung,Andreas W. Kuss,Nicholas Humphrey,Stefan Mundlos,Peter N. Robinson +9 more
TL;DR: The findings underline the importance of ITP-mediated signaling in cerebellar function and provide suggestive evidence that congenital ataxia paired with cerebral dysfunction may, together with unknown contextual factors during development, predispose to quadrupedal gait in humans.
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Exercise and BMI in Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Trial Sequential Meta-Analysis
TL;DR: Exercise is associated with improvements in BMI among overweight and obese children and adolescents, and changes in BMI crossed the monitoring boundary for a type 1 error in 2010, remaining stable thereafter.
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The evolution of the upright posture and gait—a review and a new synthesis
TL;DR: The new synthesis presented here is able to harmonise many of the hitherto competing theories and is consistent with paleoanthropological findings and with functional anatomy as well as with energetic calculations, and not least, with evolutionary psychology.
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The neurobiology of falls
TL;DR: The role of motor impairment and particularly of those “mild parkinsonian signs” frequently detectable in elderly subjects, the role of executive and attentive resources when coping with obstacles, and the roles of vascular lesions in “highest level gait disorder” will lead to the development of specific therapeutic interventions.
References
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Attention and the control of posture and gait: a review of an emerging area of research
TL;DR: New clinical assessment methods incorporating dual-task paradigms are helpful in revealing the effect of disease on the ability to allocate attention to postural tasks and appear to be sensitive measures in both predicting fall risk and in documenting recovery of stability.
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Endurance running and the evolution of homo
TL;DR: Judged by several criteria, humans perform remarkably well at endurance running, thanks to a diverse array of features, many of which leave traces in the skeleton.
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The condition for dynamic stability
TL;DR: The well-known condition for standing stability in static situations is that the vertical projection of the centre of mass should be within the base of support (BoS), and an extension of this rule is proposed for dynamical situations.
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The locomotor anatomy of Australopithecus afarensis.
Jack T. Stern,Randall L. Susman +1 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that A. afarensis possessed anatomic characteristics that indicate a significant adaptation for movement in the trees, and it is speculated that earlier representatives of the A.Afarensis lineage will present not a combination of arboreal and bipedal traits, but rather the anatomy of a generalized ape.
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Visual proprioceptive control of standing in human infants.
David N. Lee,Eric Aronson +1 more
TL;DR: For instance, this paper found that infants learn to stand using visual proprioceptive information about body sway in order to maintain stable posture, which is more potent than the non-visual information.