Hydrolysis of phytate and formation of inositol phosphate isomers without or with supplemented phytases in different segments of the digestive tract of broilers.
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TLDR
The hydrolytic cleavage of the first phosphate group is not the only limiting step in phytate degradation in broilers and their gut microbiota to hydrolyse InsP6 in low-P diets.Abstract:
The objective was to characterise degradation of myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) and formation of inositol phosphate (InsP) isomers in different segments of the broiler digestive tract. Influence of an Aspergillus niger (PhyA) and two Escherichia coli-derived (PhyE1 and PhyE2) phytases was also investigated. A total of 600 16-d-old broilers were allocated to forty floor pens (ten pens per treatment). Low-P (5·2 g/kg DM) maize–soyabean meal-based diets were fed without (basal diet; BD) or with a phytase added. On day 25, digesta from different digestive tract segments were pooled per segment on a pen-basis, freeze-dried and analysed for P, InsP isomers and the marker TiO2. InsP6 degradation until the lower ileum (74 %) in BD-fed birds showed a high potential of broilers and their gut microbiota to hydrolyse InsP6 in low-P diets. Different InsP patterns in different gut segments suggested the involvement of phosphatases of different origin. Supplemented phytases increased InsP6 hydrolysis in the crop (P < 0·01) but not in the lower ileum. Measurements in the crop and proventriculus/gizzard confirmed published in vitro degradation pathways of 3- and 6-phytases for the first time. In the intestinal segments, specifically formed InsP4–5 isomers of supplemented phytases were still present, indicating further activity of these enzymes. Myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate (InsP4) accumulation differed between PhyE1 and PhyE2 compared with PhyA in the anterior segments of the gut (P < 0·01). Thus, the hydrolytic cleavage of the first phosphate group is not the only limiting step in phytate degradation in broilers.read more
Citations
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Variation in chemical composition and physical characteristics of cereal grains from different genotypes
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TL;DR: The study is a comprehensive overview of the composition of different cereal grain genotypes when grown on the same location and substantial differences were seen in the thousand seed weight, test weight, falling number and extract viscoelasticity characteristics.
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Interactions between supplemented mineral phosphorus and phytase on phytate hydrolysis and inositol phosphates in the small intestine of broilers
Ellen Zeller,Margit Schollenberger,M. Witzig,Yauheni Shastak,Imke Kühn,Ludwig E. Hoelzle,Markus Rodehutscord +6 more
TL;DR: Differences in the concentrations of lower InsPs indicated that the initial step of InsP6 hydrolysis is not the only catabolic step that is influenced by MCP or phytase levels, and effects of added MCP on phyt enzyme efficacy depend on the dose of supplemented phytases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interactive effects of phosphorus, calcium, and phytase supplements on products of phytate degradation in the digestive tract of broiler chickens.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of phytate degradation on myo-inositol degradation in broiler chickens were investigated, including the disappearance of MI, P, Ca, and amino acids (AA) in different segments of the digestive tract.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of phytase or myo-inositol supplements on performance and phytate degradation products in the crop, ileum, and blood of broiler chickens.
TL;DR: The outcomes indicate that MI might have been a relevant cause for the increase in G:F, and it is likely that the release of MI after complete dephosphorylation of phytate is one of the beneficial effects ofphytase, along with therelease of P and improvement in digestibility of other nutrients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impacts of dietary calcium, phytate, and nonphytate phosphorus concentrations in the presence or absence of phytase on inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) degradation in different segments of broilers digestive tract
TL;DR: Adding phytase inclusion significantly reduced IP6 concentration and IP6 disappearance in distal ileum regardless of GIT segments or diet composition, but impacts of dietary Ca, nPP, and PP differed depending on GIT segment examined.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Diversity and Succession of the Intestinal Bacterial Community of the Maturing Broiler Chicken
Jiangrang Lu,Umelaalim Idris,Barry G. Harmon,Charles L. Hofacre,John J. Maurer,Margie D. Lee +5 more
TL;DR: The diversity of bacterial floras in the ilea and ceca of chickens that were fed a vegetarian corn-soy broiler diet devoid of feed additives was examined by analysis of 1,230 partial 16S rRNA gene sequences, suggesting that each region developed its own unique bacterial community as the bird matured.
Journal ArticleDOI
Purification and Characterization of Two Phytases from Escherichia coli
TL;DR: The chemical and kinetic properties of the purified phytase P2 points to an identity with an enzyme described by Dassa et al. (1982) as a pH 2.5 acid phosphatase; consequently, this enzyme is a 6-phytase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation, characterization, molecular gene cloning, and sequencing of a novel phytase from Bacillus subtilis.
TL;DR: The phytase gene (phyC) was cloned from the B. subtilis VTT E-68013 genomic library and showed no homology to the sequences of other phytases nor to those of any known phosphatases, and therefore PhyC appears not to be a member of thephytase subfamily of histidine acid phosphatase but a novel enzyme having phyt enzyme activity.
Journal Article
Phytase for food application
Ralf Greiner,U. Konietzny +1 more
TL;DR: Technological improvements are expected to occur due to phytate degradation during processing as shown for breadmaking, production of plant protein isolates, corn wet milling and the fractionation of cereal bran.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Potential Phosphate Crisis
TL;DR: Recent scientific research has resulted in ways to diminish the loss of phosphate, a crucial component of DNA, RNA, ATP, and other biologically active compounds, which Feeding the world's increasing population will accelerate the rate of depletion of phosphate reserves.
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