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Journal ArticleDOI

In search of how people change: Applications to addictive behaviors.

TLDR
In this article, the authors summarized research on self-initiated and professionally facilitated change of addictive behaviors using the key transtheoretical constructs of stages and processes of change.
Abstract
How people intentionally change addictive behaviors with and without treatment is not well understood by behavioral scientists. This article summarizes research on self-initiated and professionally facilitated change of addictive behaviors using the key transtheoretical constructs of stages and processes of change. Modification of addictive behaviors involves progression through five stages—precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance—and individuals typically recycle through these stages several times before termination of the addiction. Multiple studies provide strong support for these stages as well as for a finite and common set of change processes used to progress through the stages. Research to date supports a transtheoretical model of change that systematically integrates the stages with processes of change from diverse theories of psychotherapy.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Self-efficacy, health locus of control, and smoking cessation.

TL;DR: The results indicate the high self-efficacy is inversely related to making attempts to quit, but positively related to the success of attempts and the role of Health Locus of Control is complex and needs further investigation.
Journal ArticleDOI

Reward Value of Cigarette Smoking for Comparably Heavy Smoking Schizophrenic, Depressed, and Nonpatient Smokers

TL;DR: The heightened reward value of smoking warrants attention in tailoring tobacco control interventions for schizophrenic and depressed smokers.
Journal ArticleDOI

Impaired self-reflection in psychiatric disorders among adults: a proposal for the existence of a network of semi independent functions.

TL;DR: Four different forms of deficits in self-reflection are suggested: (a) sense of ownership of one's own thoughts and actions, (b) emotional awareness, (c) distinction between fantasy and reality and (d) the integration of a range of different views of oneself and others.
Journal ArticleDOI

Group Therapy for Substance Use Disorders: What Do We Know?

TL;DR: Treatment outcome studies did not demonstrate differences between group and individual modalities, and no single type of group therapy reliably demonstrated greater efficacy than others.
Journal ArticleDOI

A Review of HIV Interventions for At-Risk Women

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that HIV prevention programs can be effective in reducing risky sexual behavior among at-risk women and that community-level interventions hold promise.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Transtheoretical therapy: Toward a more integrative model of change.

TL;DR: Prochaska et al. as mentioned in this paper studied how individuals change on their own compared with change in formalized treatments, and identified five basic processes of change, which can be applied at either the level of the individual's experience or environment.
Book

Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change

TL;DR: The NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program: Where We Began and Where We Are (I. Elkin, et al. as discussed by the authors ) presents a methodology, design, and evaluation in psychotherapy research.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Process of Smoking Cessation: An Analysis of Precontemplation, Contemplation, and Preparation Stages of Change.

TL;DR: This study tested the transtheoretical model of change that posits a series of stages through which smokers move as they successfully change the smoking habit, and results strongly support the stages of change model.
Book ChapterDOI

Toward a Comprehensive Model of Change

TL;DR: In 1984, a group of researchers, theorists, and therapists gathered at an international conference in Scotland to contribute to the development of a more comprehensive model of change for the treatment of addictive behaviors as mentioned in this paper.
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