Journal ArticleDOI
Increased rates of muscle protein turnover and amino acid transport after resistance exercise in humans
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TLDR
Results indicate that, during recovery after resistance exercise, muscle protein turnover is increased because of an acceleration of synthesis and degradation and a postexercise acceleration of amino acid transport may contribute to the relatively greater stimulation of protein synthesis.Abstract:
The rates of protein synthesis and degradation and of amino acid transport were determined in the leg muscle of untrained postabsorptive normal volunteers at rest and approximately 3 h after a resistance exercise routine. The methodology involved use of stable isotopic tracers of amino acids, arteriovenous catheterization of the femoral vessels, and biopsy of the vastus lateralis muscle. During postexercise recovery, the rate of intramuscular phenylalanine utilization for protein synthesis increased above the basal value by 108 +/- 18%, whereas the rate of release from proteolysis increased by 51 +/- 17%. Muscle protein balance improved (P < 0.05) after exercise but did not become positive (from -15 +/- 12 to -6 +/- 3 nmol phenylalanine.min-1.100 ml leg volume-1). After exercise, rates of inward transport of leucine, lysine, and alanine increased (P < 0.05) above the basal state from 132 +/- 16 to 208 +/- 29, from 122 +/- 8 to 260 +/- 8, and from 384 +/- 71 to 602 +/- 89 nmol.min-1.100 ml leg-1, respectively. Transport of phenylalanine did not change significantly. These results indicate that, during recovery after resistance exercise, muscle protein turnover is increased because of an acceleration of synthesis and degradation. A postexercise acceleration of amino acid transport may contribute to the relatively greater stimulation of protein synthesis.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise Metabolism and the Molecular Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Adaptation
TL;DR: The metabolic responses and molecular mechanisms that underpin the adaptatation of skeletal muscle to acute exercise and exercise training are reviewed.
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Fundamentals of resistance training: progression and exercise prescription.
TL;DR: A careful system of goal targeting, exercise testing, proper exercise technique, supervision, and optimal exercise prescription all contribute to the successful implementation of a resistance training program.
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Hormonal Responses and Adaptations to Resistance Exercise and Training
TL;DR: It appears that this acute response to resistance exercise is more critical to tissue growth and remodelling than chronic changes in resting hormonal concentrations, as many studies have not shown a significant change during resistance training despite increases in muscle strength and hypertrophy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mixed muscle protein synthesis and breakdown after resistance exercise in humans
TL;DR: It is concluded that exercise resulted in an increase in muscle net protein balance that persisted for up to 48 h after the exercise bout and was unrelated to the type of muscle contraction performed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ingested protein dose response of muscle and albumin protein synthesis after resistance exercise in young men
Daniel R. Moore,Meghann J. Robinson,Jessica L. Fry,Jason E. Tang,Elisa I. Glover,Sarah B. Wilkinson,T. Prior,Mark A. Tarnopolsky,Stuart M. Phillips +8 more
TL;DR: Dietary protein consumed after exercise in excess of the rate at which it can be incorporated into tissue protein stimulates irreversible oxidation, which suggested that the stimulation of MPS after resistance exercise may be related to amino acid availability.
References
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Book
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hemodynamic actions of insulin
TL;DR: Data are presented to indicate that, via a yet unknown interaction with the endothelium, insulin is able to increase nitric oxide synthesis and release and through this mechanism vasodilate, and it is interesting to speculate that states of insulin resistance might also be associated with a defect in insulin's action to modulate the nitrous oxide system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes in human muscle protein synthesis after resistance exercise
TL;DR: The results indicate that a single bout of heavy resistance exercise can increase biceps MPS for up to 24 h postexercise, and these increases appear to be due to changes in posttranscriptional events.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of exercise on protein turnover in man
M. J. Rennie,R. H. T. Edwards,S. Krywawych,C. T. M. Davies,C. T. M. Davies,D. Halliday,D. Halliday,J. C. Waterlow,J. C. Waterlow,D. J. Millward,D. J. Millward +10 more
TL;DR: Studies of free 3-methylhistidine in muscle, plasma and urine samples suggest that exercise decreases the fractional rate of myofibrillar protein breakdown, in contrast with the apparent rise in whole-body breakdown.