Information, information gain, and efficiency of self-organizing systems close to instability points

TLDR: It is shown how information and information gain as well as efficiency (in the sense defined in this paper) can be measured directly.

Abstract: In this section we wish to further elaborate on the results of the preceding chapter. There we have shown that we may split the joint probability distribution function P(ξ u , ξ s ) which refers to the order parameters, ξ u , and enslaved-mode amplitudes, ξ s , into a product of the form $$P\left( {{\xi _u},{\xi _s}} \right)\prod\limits_s {{P_s}\left( {{\xi _s}\left| {{\xi _u}} \right.} \right)f\left( {{\xi _u}} \right)}$$ (7.1) .