Integrated CMOS sensor technologies for the CLIC tracker
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Citations
A Vertex and Tracking Detector System for CLIC
References
The CLIC programme: Towards a staged $e^{+}e^{−}$ linear collider exploring the terascale : CLIC conceptual design report
A process modification for CMOS monolithic active pixel sensors for enhanced depletion, timing performance and radiation tolerance
Updated baseline for a staged Compact Linear Collider
Monolithic pixel detectors for high energy physics
Related Papers (5)
Frequently Asked Questions (12)
Q2. How many tests have been performed at the CERN SPS?
Test beam campaigns to study the Investigator High Resistivity (HR) CMOS test chip have been performed at the CERN SPS with a 120GeV pion beam.
Q3. What is the eciency of the cluster?
Adjacent pixels with a signal larger than the neighbour threshold are combined to a cluster; and the position is reconstructed by linear charge interpolation and ⌘-correction.
Q4. How much material budget is needed to perform physics measurements?
To perform highly precise physics measurements, a single point resolution of 7µm and a material budget of 1 2%X0 per layer need to be reached in the large area tracker detector.
Q5. How is the eciency of the Investigator chip measured?
An e ciency of > 99% and a spatial and timing resolution of 6µm and 5 ns, respectively, have been measured, using a mini-matrix with a pitch of 28µm and a bias voltage of 6V.
Q6. What is the purpose of the paper?
In a next phase of R&D the results on the Investigator test chip will be used to optimise the pixel layout for a fully integrated chip for the CLIC tracker.
Q7. What is the purpose of the Investigator test chip?
A simulation chain using GEANT4 [11] to model the energy deposit in the sensor, a 2-dimensional Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) [12] simulation to model the device and perform a transient simulation of the charge collection, and a parametric model to simulate energy fluctuations and to perform the position reconstruction has been developed [13].
Q8. What is the effect of charge sharing on the signal distribution of a cluster?
As shown in Figure 6, the impact of charge sharing is also reflected in the distribution of the highest pixel signal (seed signal) in a cluster: the more charge is shared between the pixels, the lower the seed signal.
Q9. What is the output of the source follower of each individual pixel?
The output of the source follower of each individual pixel is connected to a dedicated output bu↵er with a rise time of ⇠ 10 ns.2 P-P++ backsideDeep P-wellN-well P-MOSN-MOSFig.
Q10. How is the distance between the predicted track position and the reconstructed hit position required?
The distance between the predicted track position on the Investigator and the reconstructed hit position is required to be within 100µm.
Q11. What is the expected depletion for the standard process?
As indicated by the white lines, the depletion for the standard process does extend over the full lateral size of the pixel, whereas the expected full lateral depletion can be observed for the modified process.
Q12. What is the timing resolution of the CLIC tracker?
Even though the measured timing resolution is limited by the ADC sampling frequency and the rise time of the output bu↵er, the results are well within the requirements for the CLIC tracker.