Journal ArticleDOI
Interaction of Competing Speech Signals With Hearing Losses
Raymond Carhart,Tom W. Tillman +1 more
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TLDR
The implication of these findings is that a third dimension of handicap may be imposed by sensorineural pathology: namely, such a pathology not only changes threshold and often impairs intelligibility in quiet but can also disturb the ability to resist masking when in complex environments containing background sounds, particularly speech.Abstract:
Four groups of subjects were tested monaurally in a sound field with Northwestern University Test 2, which measures discrimination for monosyllables against competing sentences. Presentation was both direct and indirect. Four primary-to-secondary ratios were used. Discrimination in quiet was also determined. The interference functions plotted from these data revealed that the conductive loss cases functioned as did the normal hearing subjects. By contrast, the two groups of persons with sensorineural loss were excessively disturbed by the competing sentences. The disruption was equivalent to having the masking efficiency of the sentences enhanced from 12 to 15 db. The implication of these findings, which have confirmation in other research, is that a third dimension of handicap may be imposed by sensorineural pathology: namely, such a pathology not only changes threshold and often impairs intelligibility in quiet but can also disturb the ability to resist masking when in complex environments containing background sounds, particularly speech.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Speech reception thresholds in noise with and without spectral and temporal dips for hearing‐impaired and normally hearing people
TL;DR: In a background that contained both spectral and temporal dips, groups (c) and (d) performed much more poorly than group (a), and the signal-to-background ratio required for 50% intelligibility was about 19 dB higher for group (d).
Journal ArticleDOI
On the perceptual organization of speech.
TL;DR: These findings falsify a general auditory account of auditory perceptual organization, showing that phonetic perceptual organization is achieved by specific sensitivity to the acoustic modulations characteristic of speech signals.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Evaluation of the BKB-SIN, HINT, QuickSIN, and WIN Materials on Listeners With Normal Hearing and Listeners With Hearing Loss
TL;DR: The QuickSin and WIN materials are more sensitive measures of recognition performance in background noise than are the BKB-SIN and HINT materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aging and speech-on-speech masking.
TL;DR: Although amount of informational masking does not seem to differ between older and younger listeners, older adults (particularly those with hearing loss) evidence a deficit in the ability to selectively attend to a target voice, even when the masking voices are from talkers of the opposite sex.
Journal ArticleDOI
Speech Intelligibility in Background Noise with Ideal Binary Time-frequency Masking
TL;DR: The results from Experiment 1 demonstrate that ideal binary masking leads to substantial reductions in speech-reception threshold for both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners, and the reduction is greater in a cafeteria background than in a speech-shaped noise.
References
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An expanded test for speech discrimination utilizing cnc monosyllabic words: northwestern university auditory test no. 6
Tom W. Tillman,Raymond Carhart +1 more
TL;DR: The new test (N.U. U. Test No. 6) appears to have good interlistence and high test-retest reliability, and retains the desirable features of the earlier tool while doubling the inventory of items available for the measurement of phonemic discrimination.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monaural and Binaural Discrimination against Competing Sentences
TL;DR: In this article, the PB-50 lists were presented in a sound field against a background of spoken sentences, and test items came from a loudspeaker to one side of the subject and competing sentences from a second loudspeaker, on the opposite side.
Journal ArticleDOI
Binaural Hearing Aids and Speech Intelligibility
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanistic Aspects of Hearing
TL;DR: Experiments requiring a subject to make quantitative estimates of magnitude indicate the sensory behavior of the ear, and experiments yielding the limits of a subject's discrimination are likely to lead to a mechanistic analog.
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