Journal ArticleDOI
Investigation of the parameters of planar optical waveguides fabricated by ion exchange in glass
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In this article, an experimental investigation was made of the dependence of the effective refractive indices of the TM and TE modes on the depth of waveguides fabricated in glass by ion exchange in an AgNO3 melt.Abstract:
An experimental investigation was made of the dependence of the effective refractive indices of the TM and TE modes on the depth of waveguides fabricated in glass by ion exchange in an AgNO3 melt. It is shown that approximation of the refractive index profile by the function n(x)=n0–Δn[(x/d)+b(x/d)2] (d and b are the profile parameters) gives a high degree of accuracy and permits waveguides with the required parameters to be fabricated. The results of direct measurements of the profile n(x) are presented. A method is proposed for determining the effective thickness of diffused waveguides having an arbitrary profile n(x). This method is based on measurements of the effective refractive indices of only the TM or only the TE modes. It is shown that as a result of the anisotropy of diffused waveguides, the proposed method of determining the effective thickness from the difference n*TE – n*TM may be used for few-mode waveguides.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A diffusion technique for producing an inside-maximum distribution of refractive index in glass plates
TL;DR: In this article, a field-assisted diffusion technique is described for making inside-maximum index distributions in Na + -containing glass plates, where the glass after treatment consists of three different compositions: ion-depleted layer (low index) in the vicinity of the surface, Ag + -penetrated region (high index) and normal region (low-index).
Journal ArticleDOI
Four-channel integrated-optics coupler and frequency-channel multiplexer
TL;DR: In this article, a simple method was developed for the fabrication of strip waveguides in glass with losses below 1 dB/cm, which could be used in multimodal communication lines.
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigation of diffused strip waveguides in glass
V A Sychugov,A V Tishchenko +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a study was made of the mode composition of the radiation in strip waveguides of different width and the results were used to determine the refractive index profile across the depth and width of the strip waveguide.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fabrication of buried channel optical waveguide splitter
TL;DR: In this article, an electric field technique was developed to fabricate buried channel waveguides on optical glass and a voltage of 800 V was applied on the glass to accelerate the field-driven ion exchange process by expeditiously replacing host sodium ions in the glass with silver ions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parameters of single-mode Ag+ ion-exchange glass waveguides
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of the Ag+ diffusion conditions on the parameters of planar glass waveguides was investigated, and the industrial waveguide fabrication conditions were determined for ensuring not only a weak dependence of the effective refractive index of a mode on the waveguide depth, but also low insertion losses.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Optical waveguides formed by thermal migration of ions in glass.
TL;DR: The ion-exchange process has proved to be a simple means for fabricating tapered-edge couplers and low loss films can be fabricated using this process and the modal losses in these films do not agree with those losses predicted by existing theories.