Journal ArticleDOI
Ionic entropies of transfer from water to nonaqueous solvents
TLDR
In this article, it was shown that ΔS°t(M++ X−) is relatively independent of M+ and of X− if M+ is Na+, K+, Rb+ and Cs+ and if X− is Cl−, Br−, I−, and ClO−4.Abstract:
Heats of solution of 1:1 electrolytes in acetonitrile have been determined, and enthalpies of transfer of the electrolytes from water to acetonitrile thus calculated. Free energies of transfer of a number of electrolytes from water to nonaqueous solvents have also been determined. Together with previous data, these measurements yield entropies of transfer of electrolytes from water to N-methylformamide (NMF), methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), acetonitrile, NN-dimethylformamide (DMF) and acetone; single-ion entropies of transfer from water to these solvents are tabulated for up to 11 cations and 5 anions. It is shown that ΔS°t(M++ X–) is relatively independent of M+ and of X– if M+ is Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+ and if X– is Cl–, Br–, I–, and ClO–4. For transfers to or from water and methanol, this constancy of ΔS°t(M++ X–) is not maintained if M+ is R4N+, Ph4As+, and Ph4P+ and if X– is Ph4B–.“Absolute” single-ion entropies of transfer have been obtained, and a treatment is given that enables these single-ion values to be reproduced accurately, and further single-ion values to be predicted, for transfers from water to NMF, methanol, ethanol, DMSO, acetonitrile, DMF, acetone, formamide and liquid ammonia. For these solvents (other than water and methanol) only one adjustable parameter per solvent is required. It is also shown that the so-called “iceberg effect” for solution of organic ions is very large in water, small in methanol, and non-existent in NMF, ethanol, acetonitrile, DMF, acetone and (possibly) DMSO.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Adsorption of proteins from solution at the solid-liquid interface.
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Globular proteins at solid-liquid interfaces.
Charles A. Haynes,Willem Norde +1 more
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Thermodynamics of protein adsorption. Theory with special reference to the adsorption of human plasma albumin and bovine pancreas ribonuclease at polystyrene surfaces
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