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Journal ArticleDOI

Kidney function and intrarenal blood flow distribution after bleeding and infusions of mannitol and dextran.

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TLDR
Investigations were carried out on the effect of hemorrhagic hypotension on the intrarenal blood flow distribution, and on the kidney function with respect to clearance and concentration ability and the blood acid‐base status, together with studies on the renal hemodynamics and kidney function during the infusion of mannitol and dextran.
Abstract
Investigations were carried out on the effect of hemorrhagic hypotension on the intrarenal blood flow distribution, as studied by internal monitoring of labelled red cells with beta-detectors, and on the kidney function with respect to clearance and concentration ability and the blood acid-base status, together with studies on the renal hemodynamics and kidney function during the infusion of mannitol and dextran. Moderate bleeding of 20 ml/kg was found to produce only slight changes in the variables under study; however, additional bleeding of 5–10 ml/kg, which produced an anuric condition, caused an increased cortical vascular resistance, whereas in the medullary circulation this remained essentially unchanged, thus indicating a different response to vasoconstrictor mechanisms in the two renal vascular beds. The degree of shock seemed to be faithfully reflected in the acid-base status, especially in the base excess values. Mannitol infusion had almost no effect on the variables studied except for a rise in urine production and a fall in urine osmolality. Plasma expansion with dextran caused all values to return toward the control levels, and the acid-base status was normalized, indicating a restitution of the oxygen supply to the tissues. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Es wurde die Wirkung blutungsbedingter Hypotension auf die intrarenale Durchblutungsverteilung, vermittels interner Bestimmung von markierten roten Zellen mit Betadetektor und der Nierenfunktion bezuglich Clearance und Konzentrationsfahig-keit, des Saure-Basen-Verhaltnisses, der renalen Haemodynamik und Nierenfunktion wahrend der Verabreichung von Mannitol und Dextran gepruft. Masige Entblutung von 20 ml/kg bewirkte nur leichte anderung der untersuchten Parameter; zusatzliche Blutung von 5-10 ml/kg, welche eine Anurie bewirkte, hatte eine vermehrte Resistance der Rindengefase zur Folge, wahrend diese im Zirkulationsgebiet des Markraumes im wesentlichen unverandert blieb. Dies spricht fur eine verschiedene Wirkung auf die vasokonstriktorischen Mechanismen dieser beiden renalen Gefasbette. Das Ausmas des Schockes dokumentierte sich im Saure-Basen-Verhaltnis, besonders im Base-Exzess. Mannitol-Verabreichung hatte auf die untersuchten Parameter fast keine Wirkung, ausgenommen ein Anstieg der Harnproduktion und ein Abfall der Harnosmolalitat. Plasmaexpansion mit Dextran lies aile Werte auf das Kontrollniveau zuruckkeh-ren und das Saure-Basen-Verhaltnis normalisierte sich, was fur eine Wiederherstellung der Sauerstoffversorgung der Gewebe spricht.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Physiology of the Kidney and Body Fluids.

TL;DR: The second edition of Pitts' popular book on renal physiology continues to be the best presentation of the subject presently available and to present a number of highly questionable assertions.
Journal ArticleDOI

Intrarenal hemodynamics in the transplanted rat kidney.

TL;DR: An impairment of medullary circulation would seem to be an important component in the pathophysiology of acute renal failure in this model.
Journal ArticleDOI

Effect of Hemorrhage on Single Glomerular Blood-Flow as Related to Central Hemodynamics and Acid-Base Balance

TL;DR: Cardiac output and regional flows including the glomerular flow were determined by the microsphere technique using 15 μm 141‐Ce and 51‐Cr labelled 3 M microspheres to investigate the effect of hemorrhage on central hemodynamics, acid‐base balance and single glomersular blood flow.
Journal ArticleDOI

Renal function in the dog in acute disturbances of the acid-base balance.

TL;DR: The excretion of electrolytes in urine was studied in nine dogs in which acute acid‐base disturbances were induced and preliminary studies of the effect of mannitol infusions showed that the urine flow increased despite the metabolic acidosis.
References
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Journal Article

Description of the myogenic hypothesis.

Folkow B
- 01 Aug 1964 - 
Journal ArticleDOI

Intrarenal Distribution of Blood Flow in Dogs during Hemorrhagic Hypotension

TL;DR: The progression of cortical ischemia noted in these experiments may provide additional evidence for the pathogenesis of the patchy tubular necrosis noted in hemorrhagic shock.
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