Journal ArticleDOI
Kindling Epileptogenesis in Orbital and Mesial Frontal Cortical Areas of Subhuman Primates
TLDR
The findings underscore the necessity of the conceptual differentiation between the EEG mirror focus and the epileptogenic focus capable of generating clinical seizures and the importance of dissecting interictal behavior reflecting a “continuous disorder of neuronal function,” which may cause symptoms other than seizures.Abstract:
Despite ready bilateralization of ictal and interictal EEG discharge throughout cortical kindling, the rate of convulsive seizure development was slow at both orbital and mesial frontal sites, even in the epileptic baboon. However, convulsive generalization occurred swiftly from the mesial frontal cortical (MF) sites once conjugate head, eye, and body adversion developed in the three primate species examined. Only epileptic baboons developed Stage 5 bisymmetrical and bisynchronous convulsion. Stimulation of the contralateral homotopic mesial cortical site readily produced afterdischarge that remained localized and convulsive seizure development did not occur. The findings suggest that (a) the frontal lobe plays an important role in the generation of nonconvulsive seizures, (b) the frontorolandic cortex plays a unique role in convulsive seizure generalization, (c) the role of the intrinsic (genetic) factor is significant in determining the quality of the kindled seizure, and (d) the development of focal epileptogenesis at one MF site interferes with clinical seizure development at the "mirror focus." Our findings underscore (a) the necessity of the conceptual differentiation between the EEG mirror focus and the epileptogenic focus capable of generating clinical seizures and (b) the importance of dissecting interictal behavior reflecting a "continuous disorder of neuronal function," which may cause symptoms other than seizures.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Violent visual hallucinations and aggression in frontal lobe dysfunction: clinical manifestations of deep orbitofrontal foci
TL;DR: In this paper, three patients from different racial, social, and economic backgrounds were studied because of sudden intrusive thoughts: visions or intrusions of threatening scenes -violent, aggressive, and sometimes horrifying--that lasted from seconds to minutes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Episodic rage and aggression attributed to frontal lobe seizures.
TL;DR: The possibility thatEpisodic rage and aggression in mentally handicapped people have typically been very difficult to eliminate or even reduce is considered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling epileptogenesis and temporal lobe epilepsy in a non-human primate
Patrícia Perez-Mendes,M. M. Blanco,M. M. Blanco,Maria Elisa Calcagnotto,Maria Elisa Calcagnotto,S. M. Cinini,S. M. Cinini,J. Bachiega,J. Bachiega,Daniel Papoti,Daniel Papoti,Luciene Covolan,Luciene Covolan,Alberto Tannus,Alberto Tannus,Luiz E. Mello,Luiz E. Mello +16 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that pilocarpine marmoset model of epilepsy has great resemblance to human TLE, and could provide new tools to further evaluate the subtle changes associated with human epilepsy.
Journal Article
Experimental models of chronic focal epilepsy: a critical review of four models.
TL;DR: A number of experimental models have been developed to induce chronic focal epilepsy and a fourth approach involving the application of minute quantities of tetanus toxin to discrete brain sites may be favorably compared to the aforementioned models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Affective Disorder and Epilepsy Comorbidity: Implications for Development of Treatments, Preventions and Diagnostic Approaches:
TL;DR: Significant progress has been made in reducing the adverse effect liability of the antidepressants and the therapeutic effectiveness of carbamazepine may stem from its marked capacity to elevate serotonin concentrations in the extracellular fluid of the brain via mechanisms that differ from those of the membrane reuptake inhibitors.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
A permanent change in brain function resulting from daily electrical stimulation.
TL;DR: High-intensity stimulation studies revealed that the development of convulsions was not based simply on threshold reduction, but involved complex reorganization of function.
Journal ArticleDOI
The cortico-striate projection in the monkey.
Journal ArticleDOI
Frontal lobe inputs to primate motor cortex: evidence for four somatotopically organized ‘premotor’ areas
TL;DR: The present experiments sought to define more clearly the origin of frontal lobe inputs to the face, arm and leg areas of the primate motor cortex (area 4) and the distribution of labeled neurons in arhesus monkey with multiple injections of HRP in the arm area of the motor cortex.
Related Papers (5)
A permanent change in brain function resulting from daily electrical stimulation.
Spontaneous recurrent seizure state induced by daily electric amygdaloid stimulation in Senegalese baboons (Papio papio)
Juhn A. Wada,Takeshi Osawa +1 more