Showing papers in "Brain Research in 1979"

TL;DR: The decline in synaptic density observed between ages 2--16 years was accompanied by a slight decrease in neuronal density, and human cerebral cortex is one of a number of neuronal systems in which loss of neurons and synapses appears to occur as a late developmental event.

TL;DR: The results indicated that the deprivation caused by monocular suture produced a decrease in the cytochrome oxidase staining of the binocular segment of the deprived geniculate laminae of kittens, leading to a significant decreases in the level of oxidative enzyme activity one to several synapses away.

TL;DR: The results of this study clearly indicate that the astrocyte forms the compartment in brain concerned with glutamine synthesis, thereby assigning a key role to the astracyte in the metabolism of ammonia and the putative neurotransmitters, glutamic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid.

TL;DR: In this paper, small injections of tritiated leucine and proline confined to the ventral tegmental area (AVT) were found to label fibers ascending to the entire ventromedial half of the striatum, but most massively to the medial striatal zone that includes the nucleus accumbens, the thalamus, and the most medial zone of the mediodorsal nucleus.

TL;DR: Pure populations of Schwann cells are derived from dissociated cultures of neonatal rat sciatic nerve that express the S100 antigen, as shown by indirect immunofluorescence and complement fixation, and receptors for cholera toxin.

TL;DR: Different cortical projection systems are characterized by specific laminar distributions of efferent terminations as well as of their neurons of origin.

TL;DR: Although Ran-1 is expressed on glial and neuronal tumours, it was not found on normal astrocytes, oligodendrocyte or neurons and the 'large external transformation sensitive' (LETS) protein could be detected on fibroblasts and leptomeningeal cells but not on neurons or glial cells.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that serotonin may play a modulatory, rather than mediative, role in behavioral and physiological processes is discussed in relation to the hypothesis that neurotransmitter levels in the brain are modulatory and not mediative.

TL;DR: The distribution of [3H]diprenorphine binding sites determined by this in vitro method is identical to the distribution found in earlier studies utilizing in vivo labeling of opioid receptors.

TL;DR: It is reported that transplants of embryonic substantia nigra, implanted into the parietal cortex m adult rats, are able to establish a new dopamlnerglc input to the previously denervated neostrlatum, and that the newly-formed 'nigrostHatal' DA pathway may compensate for at least some aspects of the lesion-induced motor disturbances.

TL;DR: The present experiments sought to define more clearly the origin of frontal lobe inputs to the face, arm and leg areas of the primate motor cortex (area 4) and the distribution of labeled neurons in arhesus monkey with multiple injections of HRP in the arm area of the motor cortex.

TL;DR: Large, widespread reductions in the activities of ChAT and AChE were found in tissues from SDAT cases, while GAD activities were reduced in 3 of the 20 regions investigated.

TL;DR: Immunocytochemistry and radioimmunochemistry demonstrate the occurrence of the gastrointestinal hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) in both the central and peripheral nervous system of the guinea pig.

TL;DR: Paired conditioning of ipsi- and contralateral inputs by nearly simultaneous conditioning stimulation of the EC bilaterally results in LTP in the crossing system, and this associatively induced LTP of the crossed system can be reversed by subsequent conditioning of the ipsilateral system alone.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the rapid and large daily changes in N-acetyltransferase activity seen in a normal lighting cycle and the much slower and smaller changes in hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferaseActivity seen only after weeks in constant lighting conditions are mediated by the same neural tract.

TL;DR: The coupled oxidation method, when applied to the histochemical demonstration of HRP in combination with cobalt method 1, was found to give excellent electron microscopical pictures of the electron dense reaction product.

TL;DR: Visual receptive fields and responsiveness of neurons to somesthetic and auditory stimuli were studied in the inferior temporal cortex and adjacent regions of immobilized macaques and showed no indication of any visuotopic organization within area TE.

TL;DR: Single unit activity was recorded from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex while monkeys were performing a modified differential reinforcement of long latencies (DRLL) task, which revealed a sustained change during delay and an abrupt cessation of change in firing at the time of response initiation.

TL;DR: It is concluded that 5-HT in the facial nucleus functions in a manner that is not analagous to direct excitation, but rather acts as a gain setter to enhance the effects of excitatory afferent inputs.

TL;DR: It appears that peripheral nerve injury results in the degeneration of primary sensory neurons which contain and release substance P as neurotransmitter.

TL;DR: It is concluded that there is an excitatory connection between the periaqueductal gray and the nucleus raphe magnus and that activation of this system can cause analgesia.

TL;DR: It is argued that it seems fruitful to regard the retino-geniculate-cortical pathway, and perhaps the visual pathways in general, as comprising distinct neuronal channels which begin with the major groupings of ganglion cells, and subserve distinct functions within the overall operation of the visual system.

TL;DR: Glutamine was superior to glucose or pyruvate as precursor and most specifically labeled the putative transmitter pool of glutamate, which suggests that the transmitter Pool of glutamate is in perforant path terminals and can be synthesized from glucose or glutamine.

TL;DR: Data from the present study suggest a fundamental difference between central and peripheral adrenergic neurons with regard to their responsiveness of NGF.

TL;DR: The efferents and the afferents of the VMT-A10 region were studied by using anterograde ([3H]leucine) and retrograde (HRP) tracing techniques and it is shown that descending dopaminergic projections from the A10 neurones have been demonstrated.

TL;DR: The results indicate the existence of a Nigrothalamic and of a nigrocollicular GABAergic pathway and this projection might play an important role in motor coordination and gaze control.

TL;DR: Enkephalin immunoreactive perikarya, fibers and nerve terminals, visualized by the indirect immunohistofluorescent method in colchicine-pretreated animals, are localized in many discrete regions of the rat brain stem.

TL;DR: It is concluded that memory consolidation can be oppositely influenced by local application of minute amounts of either OXT or AVP into certain limbic-midbrain structures, suggesting an involvement of these brain regions in the memory effects of these peptides.