Laboratory efficacy of mycoparasitic fungi (Aspergillus tubingensis and Trichoderma harzianum) against tropical bed bugs (Cimex hemipterus) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)
Zulaikha Zahran,Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor,Hamady Dieng,Tomomitsu Satho,Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid +4 more
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Approaches to the bed bugs treatment should be explored in-depth using a natural biological agent like fungus especially A. tubingensis to reduce this pest population, in order to replace chemical methods.Abstract:
Objective: To test the effectiveness of conidial spore formulations [Aspergillus tubingensis
(A. tubingensis) and Trichoderma harzianum (T. harzianum)] against tropical bed
bugs, Cimex hemipterus.
Methods: Spore formulations were made from two fungal strains, T. harzianum and
A. tubingensis. The bed bugs were exposed to the conidial spores placed soaked onto a
fabric cloth for 1 h and the mortality counts were recorded daily until 14 days.
Results: Mean survival times based on Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed no
significant differences between all the concentrations in both the fungal isolates:
T. harzianum and A. tubingensis. However, the evaluation of both the isolates in terms of
virulence resulted in low lethal hours in all the concentrations except for the high concentration
of A. tubingensis (LT50 = 44.629 h) at the conidial exposure of 1 × 106 spores/
mL. Rapid mortality of the bed bugs was observed from Day 6 to Day 12, ranging from
13% to 90% in all three concentrations of A. tubingensis. With reference to the
T. harzianum exposure, the concentration of 1 × 104 spores/mL displayed a gradual increase
in the percentage mortality of 90 on Day 14.
Conclusions: Approaches to the bed bugs treatment should be explored in-depth using a
natural biological agent like fungus especially A. tubingensis to reduce this pest population,
in order to replace chemical methods.read more
Citations
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Trichoderma as biocontrol agent against pests: New uses for a mycoparasite
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Trichoderma species associated with the green mold epidemic of commercially grown Agaricus bisporus.
TL;DR: These forms cause the green mold epidemic in commercially grown Agaricus bisporus in North America and Europe, respectively and are effectively indistinguishable morphologically although they have subtly different growth rates at 25 C on SNA and statistically significant micromorphological differences.
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Regulation of gene expression in industrial fungi: Trichoderma.
Robert L. Mach,Susanne Zeilinger +1 more
TL;DR: This mini-review summarises the considerable amount of data accumulated over the past three decades regarding promoters of genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes, inducer molecules, and models for the recognition of the insoluble substrates cellulose and xylan.
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