Journal ArticleDOI
Lice (amblycera and ischnocera) as vectors of eulimdana spp. (nematoda: filarioidea) in charadriiform birds and the necessity of short reproductive periods in adult worms
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TLDR
The short period of production of microfilariae of species of Eulimdana in charadriiform birds and Pelecitusfulicaeatrae in coots may be related to the fact that transmission is by permanent ectoparasites (lice) constantly exposed to microfiliariae in the skin and the dangers of lice acquiring lethal numbers of microFilariae.Abstract:
Lice transmit species of Eulimdana. Larvae of Eulimdana wongae are described from Austromen- opon limosae and Actornithophilus limosae (Amblycera) and Carduiceps clayae (Ischnocera) collected on a marbled godwit (Limosa fedoa). Larvae of Eulimdana bainae are described from Austromenopon phaeopodis (Amblycera) and Lunaceps numenii phaeopi (Ischnocera) from a whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus). Adults of species of Eulimdana in charadriiform birds and Pelecitusfulicaeatrae in coots produce microfilariae for a short period only and then die and are resorbed (species of Eulimdana), a phenomenon called ephemerality, or become reproductively senescent but remain alive (P. fulicaeatrae). Microfilariae inhabit the skin and presumably survive for a prolonged period. The short period of production of microfilariae may be related to the fact that transmission is by permanent ectoparasites (lice) constantly exposed to microfilariae in the skin and the dangers of lice acquiring lethal numbers of microfilariae. Ephemerality may have evolved in species in which adults occupy sites where, when they die, they are harmlessly resorbed (e.g., species of Eulimdana in the neck). Reproductive senescence may have evolved in species that occupy sites where, if they were to die, they might provoke a life threatening inflammation (e.g., P. fulicaeatrae near joints in the legs).read more
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Comparative effects of mites and lice on the reproductive success of rock doves (Columba livia)
TL;DR: Results for lice constitute the first experimental test of the impact of Ischnocera on avian reproductive success, and reasons for the different effects of mites and lice are discussed, including the relationship of horizontal (mites) and vertical (lice) transmission to the evolution of virulence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parasite biodiversity and host defenses: chewing lice and immune response of their avian hosts
Anders Pape Møller,Lajos Rózsa +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the taxonomic richness of different parasite taxa is influenced by different host defenses, and they are consistent with the hypothesis that increasing host allocation to immune defense increases Amblyceran biodiversity.
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Anti-parasite behaviour of birds.
Sarah E. Bush,Dale H. Clayton +1 more
TL;DR: A brief review of anti-parasite behaviours in birds, divided into five major categories: body maintenance, nest maintenance, avoidance of parasitized prey, migration, migration and tolerance, and briefly considers the interaction of different behaviours, such as sunning and preening.
References
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Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Nematoda, Filarioidea) of coots (Gruiformes) and grebes (Podicipediformes) - skin inhabiting microfilariae and development in Mallophaga
TL;DR: Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) was found among tendons near the ankle (tibiotarso-tarsometatarsalis articulation) in 11 of 15 adult coots (Fulica americana) from Brooks, Alberta, Canada, in 6 of 9 adult coot from Delta, Manitoba,Canada, and in 2 of 4 adult red-necked grebes (Podiceps grisegena)from Brooks.
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Calcified guinea worm: clinical, radiological and pathological study
TL;DR: The calcified guinea worm has been studied in clinical, radiological and pathological study for the first time in a large-scale study of its role in infectious disease.
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Key to the species of austromenopon bedford (mallophaga) parasitic on the charadriiformes
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Mallophagan vectors and the avian filarioids: new subspecies of Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in sympatric North American hosts, with development, epizootiology, and pathogenesis of the parasite in Fulica americana (Aves)
TL;DR: Subspecies of Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) Lopez-Neyra, 1956 are proposed for the first time, and transmission by lice (Mallophaga): Amblycera is suggested to have played a role in their evolution.
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Taxonomic descriptions and comments on the life history of new species of Eulimdana (Nematoda: Filarioidea) with skin-inhabiting microfilariae in the Charadriiformes (Aves)
TL;DR: Three new species of Eulimdana, including E. juventarum and E. asperum, which occur in subcutaneous tissues of the neck and connective tissues around the trachea and oesophagus, are described.