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Living Aloft : Human Requirements for Extended Spaceflight
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In this paper, the authors investigated human psychological and social adjustment to space and provided a conceptual framework in which issues and related information can be integrated, in order to aid in discovering those conditions under which future space travelers can flourish.Abstract:
Human psychological and social adjustment to space is investigated. Studies and experiences bearing on human performance capability, psychological well being, and social organization, as they relate to space, were identified and assessed, and suggestions offered as to where further research could ease the Earth/space transition. Special emphasis was given to the variables of crew size, crew diversity, and mission duration, all of which can be expected to increase in future spaceflight. By providing a conceptual framework in which issues and related information can be integrated, the hope is to aid in discovering those conditions under which future space travelers can flourish.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Psychology and culture during long-duration space missions ☆
Nick Kanas,Gro Mjeldheim Sandal,Jennifer E. Boyd,Vadim Gushin,Dietrich Manzey,Regina M. North,Gloria R. Leon,Peter Suedfeld,Sheryl L. Bishop,Edna R. Fiedler,Natsuhiko Inoue,Bernd Johannes,Daniel J. Kealey,Norbert Kraft,Ichiyo Matsuzaki,David Musson,Lawrence A. Palinkas,Vyacheslav Salnitskiy,Walter Sipes,Jack Stuster,Jun Wang +20 more
TL;DR: This article reviewed the current knowledge of cultural, psychological, psychiatric, cognitive, interpersonal, and organizational issues that are relevant to the behavior and performance of astronaut crews and ground support personnel and made recommendations for future human space missions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The psychology of isolated and confined environments. Understanding human behavior in Antarctica.
TL;DR: Depressed mood is inversely associated with the severity of the physical environment of the station, and the winter-over experience is associated with reduced subsequent rates of hospital admissions, suggesting positive benefits for individuals seeking challenging experiences.
Journal ArticleDOI
The overview effect: Awe and self-transcendent experience in space flight.
David B. Yaden,Jonathan Iwry,Kelley J. Slack,Johannes C. Eichstaedt,Yukun Zhao,George E. Vaillant,Andrew B. Newberg +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine astronaut accounts of the overview effect and suggest existing psychological constructs, such as awe and self-transcendent experience, that might contribute to a psychological understanding of this experience.
Book ChapterDOI
The Third-Quarter Phenomenon: Do People Experience Discomfort After Stress Has Passed?
Robert B. Bechtel,Amy Berning +1 more
TL;DR: The authors found that the hardest part of the winter seemed to be in February, after the peak of winter cold had passed, and that marital counseling reached a peak at this time, the police remembered more accidents and assaults, and base commanders thought there were more absences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human missions to Mars: new psychological challenges and research issues.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present outcomes of two recent projects sponsored by the European Space Agency (ESA) where these challenges and risks have been analyzed in some detail, and where concepts for future research have been developed.