Journal ArticleDOI
Major and trace element concentrations in needles of Picea abies: levels, distribution functions, correlations and environmental influences
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In this paper, 18 major and trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sb, Sc, Sr, V, Zn) have been determined in needles of Picea abies by neutron activation analysis.Abstract:
Eighteen major and trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sb, Sc, Sr, V, Zn) have been determined in needles ofPicea abies by neutron activation analysis. Trees from 31 sites with different characteristics were investigated. The sampled area was 140 km2 and centered around the city of Winterthur, Switzerland. The effect of washing the needles before analysis was investigated. Washing was found to be essential for a meaningful determination of most elements. The values of the individual elements could be approximated by normal or by lognormal distributions. The width of these distributions varies greatly, being 14% for Cu and a factor of 5 for Mn. Many elements show highly significant positive or negative correlations. Whereas the levels of the major elements as determined here are in the generally accepted range, the values for most of the minor elements show very poor correspondence with published values. For some elements the present data seem to be the only available values. Distinct environmental influences were only manifest for Na, Cl, Br, and these elements show very high values at sites bordering highways.read more
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Hygroscopic particles on leaves: nutrients or desiccants?
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the deposition and fate of fine aerosols that are less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter and propose a new concept called hydraulic activation of stomata (HAS), which enables the efficient bidirectional transport of water and solutes between the leaf interior and leaf surface.
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Performance of two Picea abies (L.) Karst. stands at different stages of decline : VII. Nutrient relations and growth.
TL;DR: A declining, closed-canopy Picea abies (L.) Karst stand produced as much crown biomass as a healthy stand, although some trees were chlorotic due to magnesium deficiency, and nutritional disharmony was identified as the mechanism for reduced tree vigor.
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Sample preparation (cleaning, drying, homogenization) for trace element analysis in plant matrices
TL;DR: In the process of instrumental element analysis of plant samples, cleaning, drying and homogenization of the collected material are steps that constitute a very great potential source of error.
Journal ArticleDOI
The use of bioindicators for monitoring the heavy-metal status of the environment
Bernd Markert,O. Wappelhorst,Vera Weckert,Uwe Herpin,Ulrich Siewers,Kurt Friese,G. Breulmann +6 more
TL;DR: Biomonitoring is a method of observing the impact of external factors on ecosystems and their development over a long period, or of ascertaining differences between one location and another as mentioned in this paper.
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The nutritional status of Picea abies (L.) Karst. across Europe, and implications for ‘forest decline’
TL;DR: The results show the importance of sampling several year classes of foliage from Norway spruce trees in determining the nutrient status of the tree and the ‘risk index’, based upon nutrient content and nutrient ratios, which may be useful in identifying sites liable to experience deterioration in crown condition.
References
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The Role of Forest Vegetation in the Biogeochemical Cycle of Heavy Metals
H. Heinrichs,R. Mayer +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the heavy metals Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were measured in different compartments of vegetation and soil in a beech (Fagus silvatica) and a spruce (Picea abies) forest and the inventory of these elements was calculated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Geobotany and Biogeochemistry in Mineral Exploitation.
D. A. Jenkins,R. R. Brooks +1 more