Journal ArticleDOI
Method of Comparing Solid‐State Kinetic Data and Its Application to the Decomposition of Kaolinite, Brucite, and BaCO3
J. D. Hancock,John H. Sharp +1 more
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In this article, a method of comparing the kinetics of isothermal solid-state reactions based on the classical equation for analysis of nucleation-and growth processes is described, where plots of In In (1-α) vs In (time), where α is the fraction reacted, are used to distinguish reaction mechanisms.Abstract:
A method of comparing the kinetics of isothermal solid-state reactions based on the classical equation for analysis of nucleation-and-growth processes is described. In this method, plots of In In (1-α) vs In (time), where α is the fraction reacted, are used to distinguish reaction mechanisms. Even nonintegral slopes obtained for values of the fraction reacted from 0.15 to 0.50 may indicate whether the reaction rate is diffusion- or phase-boundary-controlled. The problems of ascertaining zero time and self-cooling (or heating) of the reacting sample can be observed in the analysis but do not cause severe difficulties in interpretation, as they can for analyses based on reduced-time plots. The analysis is applied to the dehydroxylation of kaolinite and of brucite and the decomposition of BaCO3.read more
Citations
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Recent Developments in Microencapsulation of Food Ingredients
TL;DR: A review of microencapsulation techniques can be found in this paper, where various techniques are employed to form microcapsules, including spray drying, spray chilling or spray cooling, extrusion coating, fluidized-bed coating, liposome entrapment, coacervation, inclusion complexation, centrifugal extrusion, and rotational suspension separation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Kinetic Analysis of Solid-State Reactions: The Universality of Master Plots for Analyzing Isothermal and Nonisothermal Experiments
TL;DR: In this paper, the concept of generalized time, introduced by Ozawa, has been used to define master plots for the analysis of solid-state reactions, regardless of the type of temperature program used for recording the experimental data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Kinetics and Mechanisms of Hydrothermal Synthesis of Barium Titanate
James O. Eckert,Catherine C. Hung-Houston,Bonnie L. Gersten,Malgorzata M. Lencka,Richard E. Riman +4 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation was used to evaluate reaction mechanisms for the hydrothermal synthesis of barium titanate and showed that dissolution-precipitation was the dominant reaction mechanism in the early stages of the process.
Journal ArticleDOI
In Situ, Time-Resolved, and Mechanistic Studies of Metal–Organic Framework Nucleation and Growth
TL;DR: This Review provides a summary and associated critical analysis of the results of these and other related "direct" studies of MOF nucleation and growth, with a particular emphasis on the recent advances in instrument technologies that have enabled such studies and on the major hypotheses, theories, and models that have been used to explain MOF formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formate modulated solvothermal synthesis of ZIF-8 investigated using time-resolved in situ X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy
Janosch Cravillon,Christian A. Schröder,Helge Bux,André Rothkirch,Jürgen Caro,Michael Wiebcke +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used in situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction in tandem with ex-situscanning electron microscopy to investigate solvothermal crystallisation of ZIF-8 in methanol solvent and in the presence of sodium formate as a simple monodentate ligand (modulator) yielding big, high-quality single crystals in short time (<4 h).
References
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Kinetics of Phase Change. I General Theory
TL;DR: In this paper, the theory of phase change is developed with the experimentally supported assumptions that the new phase is nucleated by germ nuclei which already exist in the old phase, and whose number can be altered by previous treatment.
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Numerical Data for Some Commonly Used Solid State Reaction Equations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give numerical tables of F(α) in relation to α, and to (t/t0.5) where t 0.5 is the time for 50% reaction and A is a calculable constant depending on the form of F (α).
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The thermal decomposition of potassium permanganate
E. G. Prout,F. C. Tompkins +1 more
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Kinetic Model for Solid‐State Reactions
TL;DR: In this paper, a model for solid-solid or solid-gas reactions between spherical particles and a fine powder or gas has been developed, and the oxidation of uniformly sized nickel spheres has been shown to fit this model to 100% reaction.
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The mechanism of the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a modified thermo-balance to measure the diffusion coefficient and thermal conductivity of the porous lime layer, and the mass and heat transfer coefficients to the surface of the compact.